天麻改善失眠作用机制及产品开发研究进展  

Mechanism and Product Development of Gastrodia elata Blume for Improving Insomnia Research Progress

作　　者：胡芙蓉 王昱涵 向琴 唐菁雯 贺思桥 耿敬章[1] 娄在祥[2] HU Furong;WANG Yuhan;XIANG Qin;TANG Jingwen;HE Siqiao;GENG Jingzhang;LOU Zaixiang(College of Bioscience and Bioengineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio resources,Qin Ling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C,Qin Ba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment,Hanzhong 723000,China;Schools of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学生物科学与工程学院,陕西省资料生物重点实验室,陕南秦巴山区生物资源综合开发协同创新中心,秦巴生物资源与生态环境重点实验室,陕西汉中723000 [2]江南大学食品学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第6期438-447,共10页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：秦巴生物资源与生态环境国家重点实验室(培育)“市校共建”专项(SXC-2106);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(23JY018);陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目(2023KXJ-203);陕西理工大学秦巴食品资源开发利用科技创新团队科研专项(SLGNL202406)。

摘　　要：失眠作为一种常见的睡眠障碍,会影响人们情绪健康、造成免疫系统紊乱并增加患心血管疾病和糖尿病等慢性疾病的风险。天麻作为一种药食同源物质,其主要活性成分、天麻提取物及其衍生物在改善失眠方面展示出良好的效果。目前,围绕天麻活性成分改善失眠的研究已取得了较多进展,但缺乏系统性的总结。因此,本文首先总结了失眠的发生机制;其次对天麻中的活性成分及提取物辅助改善失眠的作用,包括调节生物钟、平衡神经递质的释放、降低炎症因子的表达、调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴及调节肠道菌群等方面进行了较为系统的综述;最后探讨以天麻为主要原料改善失眠的产品开发利用现状,旨在为天麻辅助改善失眠产品开发提供依据。Insomnia,a prevalent sleep disorder,may impact individuals'emotional health,lead to immune system problems,and increase the chance of developing chronic illnesses like diabetes and cardiovascular disease.As a type of medication and food homologous substance,Gastrodia elata's primary active ingredient,extract,and its byproducts demonstrate beneficial effects in treating insomnia.Though there is currently no comprehensive description,research on how Gastrodia elata's active ingredients can alleviate insomnia advances significantly.Thus,this review systematically delineates the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying insomnia.Secondly,it reviews the effects of the active ingredients in Gastrodia elata on improving insomnia,including regulating the biological clock,balancing the release of neurotransmitters,the expression of inflammatory factors,regulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis,and modulating intestinal flora.Additionally,the paper looks at the current market for sleep aids that contain Gastrodia elata as a main ingredient.The objective provides basis for the research and development of Gastrodia elata.

关 键 词：天麻 失眠机制 活性成分 产品开发 研究进展 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]