何以推动高等工程教育赋能可持续发展——联合国教科文组织参与全球高等工程教育治理的视角  

How to Enhance Higher Engineering Education for Sustainable Development——The Perspective of UNESCO's Participation in Global Higher Engineering Education Governance

作　　者：石雪怡 岑逾豪[1] 杨颉 SHI Xueyi;CEN Yuhao;YANG Jie(School of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240;Higher Education Department,Shanghai Municipal Education Commission,Shanghai 200003)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学教育学院,上海200240 [2]上海市教育委员会高等教育处,上海200003

出　　处：《大学与学科》2024年第4期128-147,共20页Universities and disciplines

基　　金：上海交通大学学生促教基金项目“项目式教学模式(PBL)下工科生的职业社会化研究”(CTLD24X0002)。

摘　　要：作为培养有能力通过工程创新解决人类发展难题的工程人才的最主要渠道,高等工程教育在赋能全球可持续发展上的作用已受到全球瞩目。为弥合通过工程促进可持续发展的愿景与合格工程师短缺的现实之间的鸿沟,联合国教科文组织将“培养具备综合工程能力的人才”作为参与全球高等工程教育治理的核心目标,以及推动高等工程教育赋能可持续发展的关键支点。紧扣该目标,联合国教科文组织采取了制定能力为本的高等工程教育国际基准、凝聚高技能工程人才赋能可持续发展的社会共识、立足国家需求实施本土化的人才综合工程能力促进项目、为识别制约人才综合工程能力培养的问题要素提供信息支持四种治理路径。联合国教科文组织的治理行动体现以人为本、内外联动、多维一体、优势叠加的特征,在推动高等工程教育赋能可持续发展上取得了重要进展。然而,联合国教科文组织后续行动也面临着工程教育相关统计数据国际可比性不强、本土促进项目实施效果不佳等挑战。As the primary channel for cultivating engineering talent capable of solving human development challenges through engineering innovation,the role of higher engineering education in empowering global sustainable development is gaining global attention.In order to bridge the gap between the vision of promoting engineering innovation for sustainable development and the reality of the shortage of qualified engineers,UNESCO has regarded“cultivating engineering talent with comprehensive engineering skills needed to promote sustainable development”as a central objective of its engagement in the global higher engineering education governance and a key fulcrum for promoting higher engineering education for global sustainable development.In line with this goal,UNESCO has adopted four governance paths:developing competency-based international benchmarks for higher engineering education,building social consensus on cultivating highly-skilled engineering talent for sustainable development,implementing local programs to promote the competency of engineering talent based on national needs,and providing information support for identifying problematic elements that constrain the cultivation of highly-skilled engineering talent.UNESCO's governance actions are characterized by people orientation,internal and external linkages,multi-dimensional integration and cumulative advantages,and significant progress has been made in promoting higher engineering education to empower sustainable development.However,UNESCO's follow-up activities also face challenges such as poor international comparability of engineering education-related statistics and ineffective implementation of local promotion programs.

关 键 词：联合国教科文组织 高等工程教育 工程人才培养 可持续发展 全球教育治理 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] TB-4[文化科学—教育学]