美国研究型大学跨学科教师聘任与管理的制度困境、破解路径及经验镜鉴  

The Institutional Dilemma,Solution Path,and Experience of Interdisciplinary Teacher Appointment and Management in American Research Universities

作　　者：王文利[1] 侯敬芹 Wang Wenli;Hou Jingqin

机构地区：[1]河北大学,河北保定071000

出　　处：《国家教育行政学院学报》2025年第2期72-82,共11页Journal of National Academy of Education Administration

基　　金：河北省教育厅人文社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“交叉学科人才培养的国际经验与中国模式建构研究”(ZD202214)。

摘　　要：开展跨学科教育与研究已成为大科学时代各国高等教育的普遍共识。作为大学学术系统核心机制的教师聘任与管理制度,深刻影响着跨学科教育与研究的顺利开展。美国研究型大学长期以来形成的以学科为中心的教师聘任、资源配置和评价晋升制度成为制约跨学科教师职业发展的关键因素。在跨学科教育与研究迅速发展的驱动下,美国研究型大学通过建立教师组织归属明晰的多样化聘任制度,构建以支持教师跨学科活动为导向的资源分配制度,制定基于跨学科教师权益的评价晋升制度,有效破解了跨学科教师聘任与管理的制度困境。深入剖析并总结美国研究型大学跨学科教师聘任与管理的经验和做法,对我国“双一流”建设高校建立与完善跨学科教师聘任与管理制度、推进跨学科教育与研究发展,具有重要启示意义和借鉴价值。Conducting interdisciplinary education and research has become the universal consensus of higher education in the era of big science.The teacher appointment and management system,as the core mechanism of the university academic system,profoundly affects the smooth development of interdisciplinary education and research.The discipline centered teacher appointment,resource allocation,and evaluation promotion system that has long been formed in American research universities has become a key factor restricting the professional development of interdisciplinary teachers.Driven by the rapid development of interdisciplinary education and research,research universities in the United States have effectively solved the institutional dilemma of interdisciplinary teacher appointment and management by establishing a diversified appointment system with clear affiliation of faculty organizations,constructing a resource allocation system oriented to support teachers’interdisciplinary activities,and formulating an evaluation and promotion system based on the rights and interests of interdisciplinary teachers.In-depth analysis and summary of the experience and practice of interdisciplinary teacher appointment and management in American research universities will have important implications and reference value for“Double First-class”universities to establish and perfect the interdisciplinary teacher appointment and management system and promote the development of interdisciplinary education and research.

关 键 词：美国 研究型大学 跨学科 教师聘任制度 

分 类 号：G649.712[文化科学—高等教育学]