名师课堂对乡村教师专业发展的影响及其限度  

The Impact and Limitations of Master Teacher Classrooms on Rural Teachers' Professional Development

作　　者：侯丽娜 张玲[2] HOU Lina;ZHANG Ling(Faculty of Education,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029;Dalian Education Institute,Dalian 116021)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学教育学部,大连116029 [2]大连教育学院,大连116021

出　　处：《南京师大学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期32-42,共11页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“整体性治理视角下‘三个课堂’促进义务教育优质均衡发展的长效机制研究”(23YJCZH075);辽宁省教育厅一般项目“乡村振兴背景下‘三个课堂’助推乡村教师专业发展的效果评价及改进研究”(JYTMS20231074);辽宁省教育科学规划一般项目“‘名师课堂’助推农村教师专业发展的效果评价研究”(JG22CB249)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：名师课堂是我国扩大优质师资覆盖面的有益探索。为了探讨名师课堂对乡村教师专业发展的影响,采用实验组、控制组前后测对比的准实验方案,在辽宁省3个县域抽取了423名乡村教师,开展了6个月的名师课堂实验。实验结果表明:名师课堂对乡村教师专业发展具有促进作用,但其局限性也不容忽视,具体表现为,名师课堂对教师专业发展各维度的影响差异显著,名师与乡村教师易陷入“马太效应”的困境;名师课堂成效易受名师组成、活动形式、参与方式、组织支持、技术条件等外部因素的限制。基于此,建议构建专家引领的跨区域研修共同体、创设城乡教师互惠共生的支持机制、选用利于协作知识建构的研修方式、强化名师课堂的组织和技术支持,以最大效度发挥名师课堂对乡村教师专业发展的促进作用。Master teacher classrooms represent a valuable initiative in expanding access to high-quality teaching resources in China.To explore the impact of such classrooms on the professional development of rural teachers,this study adopted a quasi-experimental design,comparing pre-and post-tests of experimental and control groups.A total of 423 rural teachers from three counties in Liaoning Province participated in a six-month master teacher classroom experiment.The findings indicate that master teacher classrooms promote rural teachers' professional development but also reveal notable limitations.Specifically,the impact varies significantly across different dimensions of professional development,and both master teachers and rural teachers are prone to the“Matthew Effect”.Additionally,the effectiveness of master teacher classrooms is influenced by external factors such as the composition of master teachers,activity formats,participation methods,organizational support,and technological conditions.Based on these findings,the study recommends establishing cross-regional professional learning communities led by experts,creating mechanisms for mutual benefit and symbiosis between urban and rural teachers,adopting collaborative knowledge-building approaches,and enhancing organizational and technical support to maximize the benefits of master teacher classrooms for teachers' professional development.

关 键 词：名师课堂 乡村教师 教师专业发展 网络研修 准实验 

分 类 号：G525.1[文化科学—教育学]