高校教师“准聘—长聘”制:实践样态与制度优化  

“Tenure Track”System for University Teachers:Practice Patterns and Institution Optimization

作　　者：李志峰[1] 冉文翔 赵映川 LI Zhifeng;RAN Wenxiang;ZHAO Yingchuan(School of Law,Humanities and Society,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Normal School,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学法学与人文社会学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北大学师范学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《教师教育学报》2025年第2期98-105,共8页Journal of Teacher Education

基　　金：国家社科基金(教育学)一般项目“高校预聘制教师学术职业筛选与成长的政策支持研究”(BIA240159),项目负责人:赵映川。

摘　　要：20世纪90年代后期少数大学试行教师聘任制改革以来,围绕高校教师“准聘—长聘”制度的改革实践不断走向深入,在本土化实践中形成了不同的制度变迁模式,也引发了学术界广泛的讨论。作为一种人才筛选的制度安排,本质上也是制度文化冲突选择的结果。运用CiteSpace 6.3R1软件对近20年文献进行分析,发现“准聘—长聘”制度经历了制度模仿、制度变迁、制度文化冲突3个阶段。在现阶段,是坚守学术文化还是变革为市场文化成为“准聘—长聘”制度设计的文化选择。正是因为制度文化选择影响了我国高校“准聘—长聘”制度层面和行为层面的在地化实践,并呈现出“锦标赛”式、“擂台赛”和“达标赛”式3种典型的实践样态。基于3种实践样态的分析,“准聘—长聘”制度优化需要理性建构学术文化和市场文化相互支持的制度样态,缓解制度文化冲突的认同性危机与合法性危机,才能促进“准聘—长聘”制度的本土化实践与其目标的高度适洽。Since the late 1990s,with a few universities implementing the teacher appointment reform,the practice around the“tenure track”system for university teachers has continued to deepen,forming different institution change models in the process of localization and triggering extensive discussions in the academic community.As a system for talent screening,it is essentially the result of institutional and cultural conflicts.Using CiteSpace 6.3R1 to analyze the literature over the past 20 years,it was found that the system has gone through three stages:institution imitation,institution change,and institution cultural conflict.At present,the culture choice in the design of the“tenure track”system is whether to adhere to academic culture or to adapt to the market culture.It is precisely because of the institution cultural choice that the localization of the system and behavior in Chinese universities has been affected,and has presented three typical practical forms:“championship”,“arena competition”and“qualification competition”style.Based on the analysis of the three practical modes,the optimization of the“tenure track”system requires to constructa rational mode where academic culture and market culture support each other,to alleviatethe crisis of recognition and legitimacy of institution cultural conflicts,and to promote the localization of the“tenure track”system that is highly compatible with its goals.

关 键 词：高校教师 教师聘任 “准聘—长聘”制 实践样态 制度优化 

分 类 号：G451.1[文化科学—教育学]