八年制及“4+4”试点班医学生变态反应科执业意愿及其影响因素调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of career aspirations in allergology and their influencing factors among medical students in the eight-year medicine program and“4+4”pilot program

作　　者：王子熹 郑怀君 汤蕊 WANG Zixi;ZHENG Huaijun;TANG Rui(Department of Allergy,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases,National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,北京协和医院变态(过敏)反应科,过敏性疾病精准诊疗研究北京市重点实验室,国家皮肤与免疫疾病临床医学研究中心,北京100730 [2]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,北京100730

出　　处：《中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志》2024年第6期498-506,共9页Chinese Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology

基　　金：北京协和医学院本科教育教学改革项目(2023zlgl 034)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京协和医学院八年制及“4+4”试点班医学生对变态反应科执业意愿的现状,并分析其影响因素,为吸引更多医学生从事变态反应科工作提供参考。方法采用横断面调查法,对129名北京协和医学院八年制及“4+4”试点班医学生开展调查,分析其从事变态反应科工作的意愿,采用多因素Logistic回归模型确定其影响因素。结果72.2%的八年制医学生愿意从事变态反应科工作,而仅58.8%的“4+4”试点班医学生愿意从事变态反应科工作。在八年制医学生中,北京协和医院变态反应科的学科声望是其从事变态反应科的促进因素,而兴趣不足则是其削弱因素;在“4+4”试点班医学生中,变态反应科科研机会多是其从事变态反应科的促进因素,职业发展不明朗则是其削弱因素。结论主观兴趣、科室声望、科研机会、职业发展前景是医学生选择变态反应科的主要影响因素。加强学科宣传、培养变态反应专业兴趣、设立早期接触变态反应科的科研项目,有助于提升医学生从事变态反应科的执业意愿。Objective This study aims to examine the present state of career aspirations in the field of allergology among medical students enrolled in the eight-year program and the“4+4”pilot program at Peking Union Medical College,and to understand the elements that influence these aspirations.The findings seek to establish a foundation for encouraging a greater number of medical students to pursue a profession in allergology.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out,focusing on 129 medical students enrolled in both the eight-year program and the“4+4”pilot program.The study examined the individuals’orientation towards pursuing a profession in allergology and the potential elements that may influence this preference.The data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software,employing a multivariate Logistic regression model to find major affecting factors.Results Out of the medical students enrolled in the eight-year program,72.2%indicated their intention to pursue a career in allergology,while only 58.8%of students in the“4+4”pilot program expressed the same willingness.The reputation of the allergy department at Peking Union Medical College Hospital served as an element of motivation for the eight-year program students,while a lack of interest acted as a disincentive.The“4+4”pilot program students were motivated by the numerous research opportunities available in allergology,but were discouraged by the lack of clear employment prospects.Conclusion Medical students’choice of allergology as a specialty is influenced by subjective interest,department repute,research opportunities,and career advancement prospects.Thus,by increasing the prominence of the discipline,cultivating students’enthusiasm for allergology,and facilitating early involvement in allergology research projects,the likelihood of medical students choosing a career in this field can be enhanced.

关 键 词：变态反应科 八年制 “4+4”试点班 临床医学生 执业意愿 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] G645.5[文化科学—高等教育学]