中华优秀传统家训的德育要旨及创造性传承  

The Moral Education Principles and Creative Inheritance of Outstanding Traditional Chinese Family Instructions

作　　者：胡金木[1,2] 陈洁[2] HU Jinmu;CHEN Jie(the Research Center for School Moral Education and Teacher Ethics,Shaanxi Normal University;the Faculty of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学学校德育与师德研究中心 [2]陕西师范大学教育学部,西安710062

出　　处：《教育研究与实验》2025年第1期123-133,共11页Educational Research and Experiment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2024年度教育学重大项目“习近平总书记关于教师队伍建设重要论述的学理阐释”(24&ZD181)的研究成果。

摘　　要：家训是中国社会存在的一种独特育人文化现象,表现为父祖先辈对后辈子孙在为人处世、齐家治业、治学成才等方面劝勉、训诫、教诲之言,具有“整齐门内,提撕子孙”,教化并规范子孙后辈言行举止的重要功能。优秀传统家训遵循“修齐治平”的德育理路,其主要内容包含孝亲敬长、勤俭持家的齐家之道,立志勤学、经世致用的为学之道,谦恭谨慎、克己自省的修身之道,忠信笃敬、宽和忍让的待人之道等四个方面。如今,家训的传承与教化功能面临着现代危机,如,家训的思想根基松动、传承载体弱化、育人观念错位、教化时空坍缩,不利于家训的传承与发展。据此,需要链接传统与现代,整理与阐释传统家训中的德育思想精华;激活并丰富文化传统载体,形成现代家庭育人家风,润育青少年道德成长。Traditional Chinese family instructions represent a unique cultural phenomenon of education in Chinese society.They consist of exhortations,admonitions,and teachings from ancestors to their descendants,offering guidance on personal conduct,family management,career building,and academic success.These instructions play a crucial role in"ordering the family and guiding descendants",shaping and regulating the behavior and actions of younger generations.Outstanding traditional family instructions follow the moral education framework of"self-cultivation,family management,governance,and peace",with their core content focusing on four aspects:filial piety and respect for elders as the way of family management;perseverance and diligence in learning with practical application as the way of education;humility,self-discipline,and introspection as the way of self-cultivation;and sincerity,loyalty,tolerance,and harmony as the way of interacting with others.Today,the inheritance and educational function of family instructions face modern crises,such as the weakening of their ideological foundation,the erosion of transmission mediums,misalignment of educational concepts,and the collapse of the traditional teaching space and time framework.These challenges hinder the preservation and development of family instructions.Therefore,it is necessary to connect tradition with modernity,reorganize and interpret the essence of moral education in outstanding traditional Chinese family instructions,and revitalize and enrich their cultural forms.This will help shape modern family values and contribute to the moral development of the younger generation.

关 键 词：家训 传统文化 道德教育 润育成人 

分 类 号：B823.1[哲学宗教—伦理学] D64[政治法律—政治学]