不同品种香菇子实体的主成分分析和综合品质评价  

Principal component analysis and comprehensive quality evaluation of fruiting bodies of different Lentinula edodes varieties

作　　者：李艳艳 徐鸿雁[2] 孟清 赵晓蓉 王元鹏 谢占玲 LI Yanyan;XU Hongyan;MENG Qing;ZHAO Xiaorong;WANG Yuanpeng;XIE Zhanling(College of Eco-environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学生态环境工程学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学农林科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2025年第1期62-70,共9页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：青海省科学技术厅项目(2023-ZJ-968Q)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜青海冷凉地区栽培的高产优质香菇种质,本研究以香菇品种808A和808B为对照,引进了12个香菇品种进行栽培,并测定了其生长性状和营养品质相关指标。通过主成分分析和隶属函数法对18个指标进行综合比较与评价,筛选出综合得分较高的香菇品种。结果表明:香菇9608的菌丝生长速率较高,为3.20 mm/d;申香1501的产量最高,达到每袋70.63 g,生物转化率为47.09%,全生育期为167 d;14个香菇品种总氨基酸含量变化范围为15.50~45.63 mg/g;申香16灰分含量最高,为5.48 mg/g;937粗蛋白含量最高,为37.35 mg/g;申香215脂肪含量最高,为1.32 mg/g。通过主成分分析提取六种代表性指标,进一步运用隶属函数分析,筛选出综合值较高的三个品种:香菇937、沪香F2和申香1513,因此推荐这三个品种为青海香菇主要栽培品种。研究结果可为促进青海省食用菌种业发展提供一定的理论依据。In order to screen high-yield and high-quality Lentinula edodes germplasm suitable for cultivating in Qinghai,taking Lentinula edodes varieties 808A and 808B as controls,12 Lentinula edodes varieties were introduced for cultivation.Their growth traits and nutritional quality related indicators were measured.Principal component analysis and membership function method were adopted to comprehensively compare and evaluate 18 indicators,so as to select the varieties with higher comprehensive scores.The results are as follow:The mycelial growth rate of Lentinula edodes 9608 was the highest,reaching 3.20 mm/d;the yield of Shenxiang 1501 was the highest,at 70.63 g per bag,with a biotransformation rate of 47.09%and a total growth period of 167 d.The variation range of total amino acid content of 14 Lentinula edodes varieties was 15.50~45.63 mg/g.Among them,Shenxiang 16 has the highest ash content,at 5.48 mg/g,937 has the highest crude protein content,at 37.35 mg/g,and Shenxiang 215 has the highest fat content,at 1.32 mg/g.A total of six principal components were extracted through principal component analysis.Using membership function analysis,three varieties(Lentinula edodes 937,Huxiang F2 and shenxiang 1513)with high comprehensive scores were selected.Therefore,these three varieties were recommened as the main cultivated Lentinula edodes varieties in Qinghai.The research results can provide a certain theoretical basis for promoting the development of edible mushroom seed industry in Qinghai.

关 键 词：香菇 营养品质 主成分分析 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S646.12[农业科学—蔬菜学]