不同贮存方式对大豆种子活力及相关指标的影响  

Impacts of different storage methods on the vigor and related indicators of soybean seeds

作　　者：陈文杰[1] 梁江[1] 覃夏燕 郭小红[1] 陈淑芳 汤复跃[1] 韦清源[1] 韦荣昌 陈渊[1] CHEN Wenjie;LIANG Jiang;QIN Xiayan;GUO Xiaohong;CHEN Shufang;TANG Fuyue;WEI Qingyuan;WEI Rongchang;CHEN Yuan(Cash Crops Research Institute/Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所/广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室,南宁530007

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2025年第4期67-80,共14页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060490);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB24010194);农业生物育种重大项目(2023ZD0403402);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-CES30);广西农业科学院科研业务专项(2021YT055,桂农科2024YP007);广西大豆油料创新团队(nycytxgxcxtd-2023-22)。

摘　　要：为探究南方高温高湿气候条件下不同贮存方式对大豆种子活力及相关指标的影响,以2个春大豆品种‘桂春8号’(GC 8)和‘桂春13号’(GC 13)与1个夏大豆品种‘桂夏1号’(GX 1)为试验材料,设密封干燥(A_(1))、密封(A_(2))、自然存放(A_(3))共3个处理,置于敞开式仓库(日均温8.2~29.9℃,日均湿度55.3%~88.0%)贮存1年,以−18℃贮存作为对照(A_(0)),测定种子活力、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量,以及种子浸泡12 h后浸泡液电导率(EC)和渗出固体物重(WDS);采用纸床法测定不同贮存处理后大豆种子的发芽相关指标,及干旱处理(DT)和浸水处理(FT)后的不同贮存处理大豆种子的发芽相关指标。结果表明:1)TTC试验中,A_(0)、A_(1)和A_(2)的3个品种子叶的显色率均在90%以上,A_(3)的‘GC 8’和‘GC 13’种子子叶显色率分别降至29.46%和26.05%,而‘GX 1’种子子叶显色率降为0。2)与A_(0)、A_(1)和A_(2)相比,3个品种A_(3)的EC和WDS均为最大,3个品种A_(1)的WDS较A_(0)均无显著差异。除‘GC 8’A_(1)的EC显著高于A_(0)外,其他2个品种A_(1)的EC较A_(0)均无显著差异。3)3个品种A_(2)的MDA含量均显著高于A_(0);3个品种A_(0)和A_(1)的SOD活性均显著高于A_(3);3个品种A_(0)和A_(1)的POD活性均显著高于A_(2)和A_(3);3个品种各处理的种子CAT活性较A_(0)均无显著差异。4)A_(3)中3个品种的发芽势(GPP)、发芽率(GP)、正常苗率(NSP)、发芽指数(GI)4个指标均为0,A_(2)的4个指标均显著低于A_(0)和A_(1),A_(1)与A_(0)的4个发芽指标相比,除A_(1)中的‘GC 13’的NSP和‘GC 8’的GPP和NSP显著低于A_(0)外,其他均无显著差异。3个品种A_(2)的发芽后第5天根长(5dRL)、下胚轴长(HL)、根鲜重(FRW)、活力指数(VI)均显著低于A_(0),且A_(2)的5dRL和VI均显著低于A_(10)除‘GC 13’A_(1)的5dRL显著低于A_(0)外,其他品种的A_(1)与A_(0)的5dRL均无显著差异。3个品In order to investigate the impact of different storage methods on the vigor and related indicators of soybean seeds under the high temperature and high humidity climate conditions of the south,two spring soybean cultivars'Guichun No.8'(GC 8)and'Guichun No.13'(GC 13),and one summer soybean cultivar'Guixia No.1'(GX 1)were used as experimental materials.Three treatments,sealed and dried condition(A_(1)),sealed condition(A_(2)),and natural storage(A_(3))were set up and placed under natural conditions(average daily temperature:8.2-29.9℃,average daily humidity:55.3%-88.0%)for 1 year with storage at-18℃(A_(0))as the control.The seed vigor,enzyme activities of peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and catalase(CAT),as well as malondialdehyde(MDA)content were measured.The electrical conductivity(EC)of the soaking solution and the weight of exuded solids(WDS)after soaking the seeds for 12 h were determined.The germination-related indicators of different storage treatment soybean seeds,and germination-related indicator of different storage treatment soybean seeds after drought treatment(DT)and flooding treatment(FT)were measured by using paper bed method.The results indicated that:1)In the TTC test,the color rendering index(CRI)of cotyledons for three cultivars in A_(0),A_(1),and A_(2) were all above 90%.The CRI of cotyledons for'GC 8'and'GC 13'seeds treated with A_(3) were reduced to 29.46%and 26.05%,respectively,while the CRI of cotyledons for'GX 1'seeds was reduced to 0.2)Compared to A_(0),A_(1),and A_(2),the electrical conductivity(EC)and weight of exuded solids(WDS)for A_(3) of the three cultivars were the highest.The WDS of the three cultivars in A_(1) was not significantly different from those in A_(0).Except for the EC of'GC 8'in A_(1) was significantly higher than that in A_(0),there was no significant difference to EC between A_(1) and A_(0) for the other two cultivars.3)The MDA content of three cultivars in A_(2) was significantly higher than those in A_(0).The SOD content of three cultivars in A_(0) and

关 键 词：贮存 大豆 种子老化 种子活力 发芽 

分 类 号：S379.2[农业科学—农产品加工]