三次发酵培养料使用添加剂对双孢蘑菇产量及采后品质的影响  

Effects of supplements in phase Ⅲ compost on the yield and quality of postharvest Agaricus bisporus

作　　者：张宇辰 肖婷婷 张忠[1] 庄海宁 岳一鸿 郝海波 沈新芬 王倩[1] ZHANG Yuchen;XIAO Tingting;ZHANG Zhong;ZHUANG Haining;YUE Yihong;HAO Haibo;SHEN Xinfen;WANG Qian(Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization of South,Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,National R&D Center for Processing Edible Fungi,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai,Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;School of Health and Social Care,Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College,Shanghai 201415,China;Jinshan Agro-Technology Extension Center,Shanghai 201599,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,国家食用菌加工技术研发分中心,上海市农业遗传育种重点开放实验室,上海201403 [2]上海城建职业学院健康与社会关怀学院,上海201415 [3]上海市金山区农业技术推广服务中心,上海201599

出　　处：《菌物学报》2025年第2期138-148,共11页Mycosystema

基　　金：上海市现代农业产业技术体系(沪农科产字[2023]第9号)。

摘　　要：本研究以没有使用添加剂的双孢蘑菇为对照(CK),对比了国产添加剂(N0)和进口添加剂(MC)的增产效果,重点从外观品质、营养成分、生理变化三方面比较分析了在3次发酵培养料中使用N0和MC后双孢蘑菇子实体的采后品质。使用N0后,双孢蘑菇一、二潮菇产量分别比CK增加39.19%和27.24%;总产量比CK增加35.45%,比MC增加8.60%。添加剂对子实体营养成分的影响主要表现在增加了二潮菇的蛋白质、葡萄糖和VC含量,与CK相比,N0和MC增加比例分别为53.83%、82.43%、16.75%和49.21%、74.32%、12.92%。在采后保鲜储存中,N0组的优势主要体现在一潮菇:子实体的呼吸强度、失重率都维持在较低水平,丙二醛(MDA)含量与CK无显著差异,储存8 d的白度L^(*)值高于CK和MC,子实体能维持良好的商品性状;MC组则更容易衰老,采后第6天呼吸强度最高、硬度最低、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性最高,MDA含量比N0和CK分别增加42.90%和64.15%。国产添加剂N0在提高双孢蘑菇产量、营养品质以及在采后储藏过程中延缓衰老的表现均优于进口添加剂。Yield-increasing effects of domestic supplements(N0)and imported supplements(MC)on the production of Agaricus bisporus were compared.The analysis was focused on appearance quality,nutritional composition,and physiological changes of postharvest fruiting bodies.The yield of the first and second flushes of fruiting increased by 39.19%and 27.24%,respectively,after using N0 compared with that of untreated control(CK).The total yield of fruiting bodies increased by 35.45%as compared with that of CK,and by 8.60%as compared with that of using MC.The impact of supplements on the nutritional composition of the fruiting bodies was primarily reflected in increased protein,glucose,and Vitamin C content in the second flush of fruiting.Compared to CK,N0 treatment increased these components by 53.83%,82.43%and 16.75%,and MC treatment increased by 49.21%,74.31%and 12.92%,respectively.As for postharvest preservation and storage,N0 treatment was advantageous,particularly for fruiting bodies of the first flush,showing lower respiration intensity and weight loss,and the MDA(malondialdehyde)content was similar to that of CK.After 8 days of storage,the whiteness L^(*)value of fruiting bodies under N0 treatment was higher than that under CK and MC treatments,showing good commercial characteristics.MC treatment showed more rapid aging,highest respiration intensity,lowest hardness,and highest PPO(polyphenol oxidase)activity as compared with that of N0 treatment on the 6th day after harvest,while MDA content increased by 42.90%and 64.15%as compared with that of N0 treatment and CK,respectively.The domestic supplements N0 outperformed the imported supplements(MC)in enhancing A.bisporus yield,nutritional quality,and reducing aging during postharvest storage.

关 键 词：添加剂 双孢蘑菇 产量 采后品质 

分 类 号：S646.11[农业科学—蔬菜学]