新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性的分子组学研究进展  

Research progress in molecular omics of neovascular age-related macular degeneration

作　　者：庄雪楠(综述) 桂弥 文峰(审校)[2] ZHUANG Xuenan;GUI Mi;WEN Feng(Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangdong Provincial Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 515100,China;State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省人民医院,广东省眼病防治研究所,广东省医学科学院,南方医科大学,广州515100 [2]中山大学中山眼科中心,眼病防治全国重点实验室,广东省眼科视觉科学重点实验室,广州510060

出　　处：《眼科学报》2025年第2期215-222,共8页Eye Science

摘　　要：年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration, AMD)是老年人视力丧失的主要原因之一,其中新生血管性AMD (neovascular AMD, nAMD)以其进展迅速、严重损伤视力的特点,成为全球眼科研究的焦点。随着人口老龄化加剧,nAMD的疾病负担日益沉重,对其发病机制的深入研究和有效治疗策略的探索迫在眉睫。近年来,高通量组学技术的蓬勃发展为解析nAMD复杂的分子病理机制提供了前所未有的机遇。基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学以及多组学整合分析,不仅有助于深入挖掘疾病相关的关键分子、通路和网络,也为发现新的生物标志物和潜在治疗靶点提供了新的视角。文章系统综述了近年来分子组学技术在nAMD研究中的最新进展,重点关注不同组学方法在各类生物样本研究中的发现,分析多组学整合在揭示疾病机制和筛选生物标志物方面的优势,以期为该领域的未来研究提供参考。Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is one of the leading causes of vision loss in elderly population.Among its subtypes,neovascular AMD(nAMD)has become a global focus in ophthalmological research due to its rapid progression and severe vision impairment.With the acceleration of population aging,the disease burden of nAMD is increasingly heavy,making it urgent to conduct in-depth research on its pathogenesis and explore effective therapeutic strategies.In recent years,the rapid development of high-throughput omics technologies has provided unprecedented opportunities to decipher the complex molecular pathological mechanisms of nAMD.Genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and multi-omics integration analyses have not only helped to deeply explore disease-related key molecules,pathways,and networks but also provided new perspectives for discovering novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in molecular omics technologies in nAMD research,focusing on findings from different omics approaches across various biological samples,and analyzes the advantages of multi-omics integration in revealing disease mechanisms and screening biomarkers,aiming to provide references for future research in this field.

关 键 词：年龄相关性黄斑变性 新生血管性 分子组学 疾病机制 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R774.5[医药卫生—眼科] R363.273[医药卫生—临床医学]