2018—2023年武汉市水产动物及其制品相关食源性疾病流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease related to aquatic animals and their products in Wuhan City from 2018 to 2023

作　　者：孙静钗 伍雅婷[1] 马红飞 王肖 石梦蝶[1] SUN Jingchai;WU Yating;MA Hongfei;WANG Xiao;SHI Mengdie(Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition,Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430024,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心食品安全与营养卫生所,湖北武汉430024

出　　处：《职业与健康》2025年第1期46-49,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的对武汉市水产动物及其制品相关食源性疾病流行病学特征进行分析,为制定淡水产品食品安全风险监测和预防控制方案提供数据支撑。方法从武汉市食源性疾病监测系统中选取2018—2023年报告的食源性疾病病例,“食品分类”选择“水产动物及其制品”,检索符合条件的研究对象进行流行病学特征分析。结果2018—2023年共报告水产动物及其制品相关食源性病例1456例,报告率为6.35%,女性病例显著多于男性(χ^(2)=23.939,P<0.05);病例高峰主要集中在5—10月,8月达到最高峰,不同月份报告病例数差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=61.988,P<0.05);不同地区的报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=237.631,P<0.05),中心城区食源性疾病报告数量显著多于远城区;不同年龄段的报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=331.161,P<0.05),其中14~<45岁年龄段占65.59%;不同职业人群的报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=386.177,P<0.05),从事家务及待业、学生、干部职员、离退人员、商业服务人群中占比较高;临床诊断以感染性腹泻和急性胃肠炎居多,占85.72%;主要进食场所为餐饮服务业(42.87%)、零售/农贸市场(22.53%)、家庭(11.06%);多为2~10人共同进食引起(66.94%)。结论水产动物及其制品相关食源性病例存在明显的季节特征、区域特征、人群特征,提示相关部门要进一步加强对水产动物及其制品流通各个环节的监管,同时也要加强相关健康教育。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease related to aquatic animals and their products in Wuhan City from 2018 to 2023,and provide data support for the development of food safety risk monitoring and prevention control plans for freshwater product.Methods Select foodborne disease cases reported from the Wuhan Foodborne Disease Surveillance System,and select"aquatic animals and their products"for"food classification".Retrieve eligible research subjects for epidemiological feature analysis.Results A total of 1456 cases of foodborne disease related to aquatic animals and their products were reported in Wuhan from 2018 to 2023,with a reporting rate of 6.35%.The number of female cases was significantly higher than that of male cases(χ^(2)=23.939,P<0.05).The peak of cases was mainly concentrated from May to October,with the highest peak in August.There was a statistically significant difference in the number of reported cases between different months(χ^(2)=61.988,P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in reported incidence rate among different regions(χ^(2)=237.631,P<0.05),the number of reported foodborne diseases in the central urban area was significantly higher than that in the remote urban area.The difference of the number of cases among different age groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=331.161,P<0.05),of which 65.59%were between 14 and 45 years old.The difference of the number of cases among different occupation population was statistically significant(χ^(2)=386.177,P<0.05),and the proportion of people engaged in housework and unemployment,students,cadres and staff,retirees,and business services was relatively high.The clinical diagnosis was mainly infectious diarrhea and acute gastroenteritis,accounting for 85.72%.The main eating places were catering service industry(42.87%),retail/farmer's markets(22.53%),and households(11.06%).Most cases were caused by 2-10 people eating together(66.94%).Conclusion There are obvious seasonal,regional,and populati

关 键 词：食源性疾病 水产动物及其制品 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]