基于SNP分子标记的福建玳瑁山脉茶树种质遗传多样性分析及DNA指纹图谱构建  

Genetic diversity analysis and SNP fingerprints construction of tea germplasm resources from Daimao Mountain of Fujian

作　　者：贵文静 于文涛 刘玲玉 罗华标 罗钦 朱艳宇 王攀 蔡春平 叶乃兴[1] GUI Wen-jing;YU Wen-tao;LIU Ling-yu;LUO Hua-biao;LUO Qin;ZHU Yan-yu;WANG Pan;CAI Chun-ping;YE Nai-xing(College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Technology Center of Fuzhou Customs/Fujian Key Laboratory for Technology Research of Inspection and Quarantine,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001,China;Rural Revitalization Service Center of Gutian Town of Shanghang County,Longyan,Fujian 364201,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Liancheng County,Longyan,Fujian 366200,China;Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002 [2]福州海关技术中心/福建省检验检疫技术研究重点实验室,福建福州350001 [3]上杭县古田镇乡村振兴服务中心,福建龙岩364201 [4]连城县农业农村局,福建龙岩366200 [5]福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,福建福州350003

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2025年第1期160-168,共9页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2020HK187);福建省农业科技引导性项目(2021N0024);中国乌龙茶产业协同创新中心开放研究基金项目(2024W01);福建张天福茶叶发展基金会科技创新基金项目(FJZTF01)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析福建玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源的亲缘关系和遗传多样性,并构建其DNA指纹图谱,为玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源的保护、鉴定和利用提供参考依据。【方法】利用SNP分子标记对83份玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源进行亲缘关系和遗传多样性分析。利用GenAlEx 6.503计算遗传距离,并进行主坐标分析(PCoA)。运用MEGA 5.05和DARwin 6.0构建层次聚类树。利用Structure 2.3.4进行群体结构分析,使用Clumpp 1.1.2和Distruct 1.1绘制种群结构图,并构建DNA指纹图谱。【结果】从83份玳瑁山茶树种质资源中筛选出51个多态性高的SNP位点,用于鉴定玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源的基因分型。83份玳瑁山茶树种质资源的Shannon’s信息指数(I)平均为0.530,观测杂合度(Ho)平均为0.312,期望杂合度(He)平均为0.352,固定指数(F)平均为0.122,次等位基因频率(MAF)平均为0.261。83份玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源可分为4个产区,基本上每个产区茶树种质均可单独聚为组群,新罗产区和漳平产区的茶树种质各自较独立聚集,上杭产区和连城产区的茶树种质交流较密切。不同产区种群间遗传分化系数(F_(st))为0.090~0.165,属于中度遗传分化,上杭产区与漳平产区的茶树群体间F_(st)最大,为0.165,遗传距离最大,为0.189,茶树基因型差异最大,亲缘关系较远,种群间分化较明显;上杭产区与连城产区的茶树群体间遗传距离最小,为0.082,F_(st)最小,为0.090,茶树种质基因型最相近,遗传物质交流最频繁。通过51个有效SNP位点的基因分型,将其扩增位点信息连锁编码构建的DNA指纹图谱,可有效对玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源进行区分。【结论】玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,利用筛选出的SNP分子标记可有效鉴定玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源的亲缘关系,可用于玳瑁山脉茶树种质资源鉴定及保护。【Objective】To explore the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of tea germplasm resources from Daimao Mountain of Fujian,and construct DNA fingerprints,which could provide reference for the protection,identification and utilization of tea germplasm resources from Daimao Mountain.【Method】SNP molecular markers were employed to analyze the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of 83 tea germplasm resources from Daimao Mountain.Genetic distances were calculated using GenAlEx 6.503,principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)was performed.Hierarchical clustering tree was constructed using MEGA 5.05 and DARwin 6.0.Population structure analysis was carried out using Structure 2.3.4,and population structure maps were obtained by Clumpp 1.1.2 and Distruct 1.1,then DNA fingerprints were constructed.【Result】Ultimately,51 highly polymorphic SNP loci were selected from 83 tea germplasm resources from Daimao Mountain,which was suitable for the genotyping of tea germplasm resources from Daimao Mountains.The average Shannon's information index(I),observed heterozygosity(Ho),expected heterozygosity(He),fixed index(F),and minor allele frequency(MAF)of 83 samples were 0.530,0.312,0.352,0.122 and 0.261 respectively.The 83 tea germplasm resources from Daimao Mountain could be classified into 4 production areas,basically,the tea germplasm of each production area could be grouped into individual cluster.Tea germplasms from Xinluo and Zhangping were relatively independently clustered,while tea germplasms from Shanghang and Liancheng showed closer interactions.Coefficient of genetic differentiation(F_(st))among populations in different producing areas ranged from 0.090 to 0.165,indicating moderate genetic differentiation.F_(st) between tea tree populations from Shanghang and Zhangping was the largest(0.165),and the distance was the largest(0.189),with the largest difference in tea tree genotypes,the genetic relationship was far away,and the differentiation among populations was obvious.The genetic distance between the tea t

关 键 词：茶树 遗传多样性 SNP分子标记 亲缘关系 玳瑁山脉 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]