3~6岁发育迟缓与孤独症儿童的语言能力比较  

The language abilities comparison between children aged 3-6 with developmental delay and those with autism

作　　者：金梦轲 尹梦雅 马扬[1] 史泱 梁爱民[1] 陈傲 曲春燕 JIN Mengke;YIN Mengya;MA Yang;SHI Yang;LIANG Aimin;CHEN Ao;QU Chunyan(National Center for Children's Health,the Department of Health Care of Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100045,China;Beijing Language and Culture University,School of Communication Science,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Language and Culture University,School of Psychology,Beijing 100083,China;The Key Lab of Cognitive Science of Language(Beijing Language and Culture University),Ministry of Education,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]国家儿童医学中心首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院儿童保健中心,北京100045 [2]北京语言大学语言康复学院,北京100083 [3]北京语言大学心理学院,北京100083 [4]语言认知科学教育部重点实验室(北京语言大学),北京100083

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2025年第2期115-118,共4页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：北京市社科基金项目(18YYC013)。

摘　　要：目的分析3~6岁发育迟缓(developmental delay,DD)和孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患儿语言能力的差异,为临床鉴别诊断及后续康复治疗提供参考。方法选取性别、年龄、发育商相匹配的3~6岁DD儿童和ASD儿童各61例,采用《听力障碍儿童语言能力评估标准及方法》对两组患儿语言能力进行评估,包括语法能力、理解能力、表达能力和交往能力,以四项得分的整数平均值作为其整体语言能力,比较两组结果。结果DD儿童语言的理解能力和交往能力较好,语法和表达能力较弱;ASD儿童的各个语言能区水平普遍较低。两组儿童间整体语言能力和语言表达能力无显著差异(P>0.05),但ASD组的语言理解能力和交往能力显著低于DD组(P<0.05),语法能力高于DD组(P<0.05)。结论DD与ASD儿童不同语言能区的水平差异较大,语言能力测试有助于辅助鉴别诊断DD和ASD儿童,并为其语言康复训练提供参考。Objective To investigate the differences of language abilities between children with developmental delay(DD)and those with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)aged 3-6 years,and to provide references for clinical differential diagnosis and subsequent rehabilitation therapy.Methods In this study,61 cases of DD children and 61 cases of ASD children were selected.The language ability of children was assessed using the“Children's Language Ability Assessment Standards and Methods”,which evaluated grammar,comprehension,expression and communication abilities.Results Children with DD showed better comprehension and social skills but weaker grammar and expressive abilities.Children with ASD generally had lower levels in all language areas.There was no significant difference in the average language ability or expressive ability the two groups(P>0.05),but the language comprehension ability and communication ability of the ASD group were significantly lower than those of the DD group(P<0.05).The grammar ability of the ASD group was higher than that of the DD group(P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of different language areas of children with DD and ASD children are significantly different.Language ability tests can assist in the differential diagnosis of DD and ASD children,and provide reference for language rehabilitation training.

关 键 词：发育迟缓 孤独症谱系障碍 语言能力 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]