甜菜碱对苹果果实采后抗坏血酸代谢的影响  

Effects of Glycine Betaine Treatment on Postharvest Ascorbic Acid Metabolism in Apple

作　　者：高田 曲淋鸿 郭谜 黄蕊 李灿婴 葛永红 GAO Tian;QU Linhong;GUO Mi;HUANG Rui;LI Canying;GE Yonghong(College of Food Science and Engineering,Bohai University,Jinzhou 121013,Liaoning;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage,Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products,Jinzhou 121013,Liaoning)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学食品科学与工程学院,辽宁锦州121013 [2]生鲜农产品贮藏加工及安全控制技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,辽宁锦州121013

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2025年第2期329-341,共13页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31801595)。

摘　　要：抗坏血酸是苹果中的一种营养物质,对人体健康具有重要作用。为了阐明甜菜碱处理对苹果果实贮藏过程中抗坏血酸代谢的影响,以‘秋锦’苹果为试材,探讨采后10 mmol/L甜菜碱溶液浸泡对果实抗坏血酸含量及其合成和氧化再生途径关键酶活性和基因表达的影响。结果表明,甜菜碱处理在整个贮藏过程延缓了果实中抗坏血酸含量下降,在贮藏末期,甜菜碱处理和对照果实抗坏血酸含量分别为8.54 mmol/kg和8.23 mmol/kg。甜菜碱处理上调了果实抗坏血酸生物合成和氧化再生途径中MdPGI、MdPMI、MdPMM、MdGMP、MdGME、MdGGP1、MdGGP2和MdGGP的表达以及GalDH、GalLDH、GalUR、APX、DHAR、MDHAR、GR活性和基因表达,在贮藏第12天,甜菜碱处理组果实GalDH、GalLDH、GalUR、APX、DHAR、MDHAR和GR活性分别是对照组果实的1.07,1.09,1.30,1.12,1.17,1.12倍和2.97倍,MdGalUR、MdAPX、MdDHAR、MdMDHAR和MdGR相对表达量分别是对照组果实的1.29,3.00,1.29,1.45倍和2.97倍。然而,甜菜碱处理下调了果实抗坏血酸氧化酶活性及基因表达,在贮藏第12天,甜菜碱处理组果实AO活性及基因相对表达量分别比对照组低27.97%和28.55%。结论:甜菜碱通过激活抗坏血酸合成和氧化再生途径中关键酶活性和基因表达来维持‘秋锦’苹果的抗氧化能力。Ascorbic acid is a nutrient in apple fruit,which plays a crucial role in human health.In order to elucidate the effects of exogenous glycine betaine treatment on ascorbic acid metabolism in apple fruit during storage.'Qiujin'apple fruit was used as the material to investigate the impact of postharvest 10 mmol/L glycine betaine dipping on changes in ascorbic acid content,key enzyme activities and gene expressions related to synthesis and oxidation regeneration pathways.The results showed that glycine betaine treatment delayed the decline in ascorbic acid content in apple fruit throughout the entire storage period.By the end of the storage,the ascorbic acid content was 8.54 mmol/kg in the betaine-treated fruit compared to 8.23 mmol/kg in the control fruit.Glycine betaine up-regulated the relative expressions of MdPGI,MdPMI,MdPMM,MdGMP,MdGME,MdGGP1,MdGGP2 and MdGGP,as well as enhanced the activities of GalDH,GalLDH,GalUR,APX,DHAR,MDHAR and GR in the ascorbic acid biosynthesis and oxidation regeneration pathways.On the 12th day of storage,compared to the control group,the activities of GalDH,GalLDH,GalUR,APX,DHAR,MDHAR and GR in the glycine betaine-treated group were 1.07-,1.09-,1.30-,1.12-,1.17-,1.12-and 2.97-times higher,respectively.Additionally,the relative expression levels of MdGalUR,MdAPX,MdDHAR,MdMDHAR and MdGR were 1.29-,3.00-,1.29-,1.45-and 2.97-times higher than those of the control group,respectively.However,glycine betaine treatment down-regulated the activity and gene expression of ascorbate oxidase in fruit.On the 12th day of storage,AO activity and gene relative expression levels in the glycine betaine-treated group were reduced by 27.97%and 28.55%compared to the control group,respectively.Conclusion:These findings suggested that exogenous glycine betaine could enhance the antioxidant capacity of‘Qiujin’apple fruit by activating the activity and gene expression of the key enzymes involved in ascorbic acid biosynthesis and oxidation regeneration pathways.

关 键 词：苹果果实 甜菜碱 抗坏血酸 L-半乳糖途径 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]