杨树胶涂膜对鸡蛋保鲜作用的探究  

Preservation Effects of Poplar Gum Coating on Eggs

作　　者：张亿宣 方文靖 徐梦洋 王硕 孟平 余世玉 蒋侠森 ZHANG Yixuan;FANG Wenjng;XU Mengyang;WANG Shuo;MENG Ping;YU Shiyu;JIANG Xiasen(College of Biology and Food Engineering,Fuyang Normal University,Fuyang 236037,China;Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-Aging Chinese Herbal Medicine,Fuyang 236037,China)

机构地区：[1]阜阳师范大学生物与食品工程学院,安徽阜阳236037 [2]抗衰老中草药安徽省工程技术研究中心,安徽阜阳236037

出　　处：《食品科技》2025年第1期50-57,共8页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：安徽省“大学生创新创业训练计划”项目(S202210371079);安徽省自然科学基金青年项目(2208085QC93);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32302812);生物与医药安徽省应用型高峰培育学科项目(皖教秘科[2023]13号)。

摘　　要：将杨树胶醇溶液涂膜于鸡蛋表面,通过检测鸡蛋在21 d内的失重率、气室直径、蛋清pH值、蛋黄指数和哈氏单位等指标变化探究蜂胶替代品杨树胶涂膜对鸡蛋的保鲜作用。杨树胶含有丰富的多酚物质,其含量为(194.06±6.03)mg/g;高效液相色谱结果表明,杨树胶含有松属素、山奈酚和咖啡酸苯乙酯等成分,与蜂胶成分相似。杨树胶醇溶液处理组的鸡蛋各项指标都优于对照组鸡蛋的各项指标,可以有效延长鸡蛋的保鲜时间,其中3%的杨树胶醇溶液涂膜剂处理的组别相较于对照组失重率降低30.18%、气室直径减小9.15%、蛋清p H值降低0.75%、蛋黄指数提高14.28%和哈氏单位提高16.52%,有效减少鸡蛋水分散失,维持蛋黄品质,保证了鸡蛋的新鲜。研究表明杨树胶作为绿色高效的涂膜保鲜剂在鸡蛋保鲜上有一定应用价值,拓宽了杨树胶应用途径。This study investigates the application of a poplar gum alcohol solution coating on egg surfaces,assessing parameters such as weight loss rate,air cell size,egg white pH,yolk index,and Haugh units over a 21 day period to evaluate the potential of poplar gum coating as an alternative to propolis for egg preservation.Poplar gum is rich in polyphenols with a content of(194.06±6.03)mg/g,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis identified components in poplar gum,including pinocembrin,kaempferol,and caffeic acid phenethyl ester,which are also present in propolis.The treatment group exhibited improved indicators compared to the control group,effectively extending the shelf life of eggs,in which the group treated with 3%of poplar gum alcohol solution coating agent reduced the weight loss rate by 30.18%,the diameter of the air chamber decreased by 9.15%,the pH of the egg white decreased by 0.75%,the yolk index increased by 14.28%,and the Haugh unit increased by 16.52%,which could effectively reduce the loss of moisture of the eggs,maintain the quality of the yolk,and ensure the freshness of the eggs.This study demonstrates that poplar gum has potential as an environmentally friendly and effective egg preservative.

关 键 词：杨树胶 鸡蛋 涂膜 保鲜 

分 类 号：TS253.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]