马克思对浪漫主义的批判及其思想飞跃  

Marx’s Critique of Romanticism and His Intellectual Leap

作　　者：佘梅溪 刘同舫[2,3] She Meixi;Liu Tongfang(School of Marxism,Hohai University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China;School of Marxism,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学马克思主义学院 [2]浙江大学马克思主义学院 [3]浙江大学马克思主义理论创新与传播研究中心

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期5-12,197,共9页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“优秀文学作品的思想政治教育功能”(B230207033)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：青年马克思曾受到浪漫主义的影响,但大学时代以后马克思思想中的浪漫主义因素就一直处于潜隐状态。直至1844年底,马克思为批判青年黑格尔派分析了浪漫主义小说《巴黎的秘密》,再次与浪漫主义相遇。从这次相遇的情况来看,马克思同浪漫主义在如何解决现有之物与应有之物的对立、推动人类社会发展的动力上出现了“精神”还是“实践”的分歧。马克思不满于浪漫主义拔高精神实现绝对同一性的路径,反对浪漫主义无视现实物质力量而停留在思辨领域的唯心史观。马克思将否定辩证法带入现实,以实践为中介超越了浪漫主义反讽。通过树立历史唯物主义实践观,马克思阐发了物质生产实践推进历史前进的思想,指明了人民群众作为实践主体的历史地位。The Young Marx was influenced by romanticism.But Marx developed a deep connection with the principles of Romanticism after his college years.Up until the end of 1844,in order to criticize the young Hegelians,Marx analyzed a romantic novel,The Secret of Paris,and this criticism contributed to his second encounter with Romanticism.Through the analysis of re-encounters,it can be found that a discernible divergence crystallized between his views and those of Romanticism,particularly regarding the resolution of the dichotomy between reality and ideal,and the identification of the primary catalyst for societal advancement:a choice between“spirit”and“practice”.Marx was dissatisfied with the way in which Romanticism achieved absolute identity by exalting the spirit,and opposed Romanticism’s practice of staying at ideological criticism while ignoring the material forces of reality.To this end,Marx brought the dialectic of negation into reality,transcending the irony of Romanticism through the mediation of practice.By establishing the concept of historical materialism in practice,Marx expounded the idea that the practice of material production promotes the progress of history,and pointed out the historical status of the masses of the people as the main body of practice.

关 键 词：马克思 浪漫主义 《巴黎的秘密》 《神圣家族》 实践观 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]