收入冲击与县域家庭教育不平等——基于家庭教育支出的视角  

Income Losses under the Epidemic Shock and Family Education Inequality at the County level:From the Perspective of Family Education Expenditure

作　　者：柳建坤 LIU Jiankun(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学人文社会科学学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《家政学刊》2024年第2期104-114,共11页Journal of Home Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(23CSH043);黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划年度项目(22SHB168);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(3072023CFJ1304);教育部首批新文科研究与改革实践项目(2021090030);哈尔滨工程大学本科生教学改革研究项目(JG2022B1308)

摘　　要：家庭教育支出差距是造成家庭人力资本分布不均衡以及代际不平等的重要机制。利用一项在全国范围内收集的县域家庭消费调查数据,刻画新型冠状病毒暴发后县域家庭教育支出现状,进而评估收入冲击的影响。研究发现:(1)县域家庭消费结构呈现为生存型消费为主、发展型消费为辅的特征,教育培训支出在家庭消费结构中占有重要地位;(2)新冠对县域家庭收入的冲击会显著降低家庭对教育培训进行投入的可能性以及投入水平,并且这一效应在线下和线上两种教育培训模式上均有体现;(3)收入损失对教育支出的冲击存在阶层不平等现象,也即仅有低阶层家庭会因收入损失而降低教育支出水平,而高阶层家庭并未降低教育支出水平。研究揭示了由新冠所引发的不确定性冲击在使家庭承受收入损失的同时具有扩大教育不平等的效应。The gap of family education expenditure is an important mechanism causing the uneven distribution of family human capital and intergenerational inequality,but empirical research on county family education expenditure is relatively scarce.Using a consumption survey data collected from the whole country,we describe the current situation of family education expenditure in counties after the COVID-19 outbreak,and then evaluate the impact of pandemic on family education expenditure.The findings are as follows:(1)the county household consumption structure is dominated by survival expenditure,followed by development expenditures.Among them,education and training expenditure plays an important role in household consumption structure;(2)The impact of the pandemic on family income will significantly reduce the possibility and level of county families’investment in education and training,and this effect is reflected in both offline and online education and training modes;(3)There is stratum inequality in the impact effect of the pandemic,that is,only low-income families reduce the level of education expenditure due to the income impact of the pandemic,while high-income families do not reduce the resource investment in children’s education because of their strong risk resistance.This shows that COVID-19 has the effect of widening education inequality.

关 键 词：收入冲击 家庭教育支出 新型冠状病毒 教育不平等 县域 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] C913.1[经济管理]