儿童缺失被关怀体验的原因追问与策略探寻--基于诺丁斯关怀理论  

In Pursuit of Reason and Strategy for Children′s Lack the Experience Being Cared for--Based on the Noddings′Caring Education Theory

作　　者：赵澜波[1] ZHAO Lanbo(Center for Moral Education Research,Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences,Bejing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]北京教育科学研究院德育研究中心,北京100036

出　　处：《北京教育学院学报》2025年第2期39-45,共7页Journal of Beijing Institute of Education

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十三五”规划课题“学校、家庭、社会‘三位一体’共育研究”(CBEA2020007)。

摘　　要：当下的儿童缺失被关怀的体验,他们的精神成长面临着严重的危机。以诺丁斯关怀理论为依据,发现控制的教育哲学导致儿童没有学会被关怀,更深层的原因在于以成人为中心的价值观、错误的儿童观、以知识为中心的教育目的和仅限于美德的教育责任。改变这种现状需要父母和教师存有以下理念观照:确认儿童是独立的个体且拥有权利,教育的目的是促进儿童的精神成长,让自然关怀优先于伦理关怀。面对这些挑战,可以关注和识别儿童的需要,让儿童体验到尊重;以儿童的问题和困惑作为教育的逻辑起点,建立回应模式;借助伦理关怀重塑教育过程,使之升华为自然关怀。In today′s world,children lack the experience of being cared for,and their spiritual growth is facing a serious crisis.Based on Noddings′caring education theory,this research has found that the educational philosophy of control leads to children′s failure of learning to be cared for,and the deeper reason lies in the adult-centered values and the wrong view of children,the knowledge-centered educational purpose and virtue-bounded educational responsibility.To change this situation,parents and teachers need to regard children as individuals with their own rights,recognize the purpose of education is to improve the spiritual growth of children,and give priority to natural care rather than ethical care.Furthermore,we should identify and focus on children′s needs,let them feel being respected;build a responding model starting from children′s own problems and perplexity;and reshape education from ethical care to natural care.

关 键 词：关怀理论 儿童关怀 被关怀 关系性自我 自然关怀 团体探究 

分 类 号：G40-02[文化科学—教育学原理]