霉菌抑制剂阻控黄曲霉生长与抑制产毒的关系研究  

Relationship Between Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus Growth and Inhibition of Toxin Production by Mold Inhibitors

作　　者：田昌宇 胡亚丽 余倩倩 杨平 齐德生[1] Tian Changyu;Hu Yali;Yu Qianqian;Yang Ping;Qi Desheng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学动物科学技术学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2025年第2期171-176,共6页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2023YFD1301005)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探究霉菌抑制剂在阻止黄曲霉生长的同时是否抑制其产毒,以便为防霉剂的研发和合理利用提供科学依据。选用邻香兰素、香兰素、肉桂醛、柠檬醛、咖啡酸苯乙酯、特比萘芬、双乙酸钠、苯甲酸钠、香叶醇、肉桂酸10种霉菌抑制剂,添加至水分质量分数为18%的玉米粉基质中,于28℃下恒温培养至第7天时测量黄曲霉毒素B_(1)(AFB_(1))含量和霉菌总数。将肉桂醛、柠檬醛、特比萘芬、双乙酸钠、苯甲酸钠、香叶醇、肉桂酸在PDA培养基中培养并测定第5天菌落直径与AFB_(1)含量。结果表明,玉米粉基质中,香兰素、咖啡酸苯乙酯、特比萘芬、双乙酸钠能抑制霉菌生长、但产毒增加;邻香兰素、柠檬醛的部分添加浓度可以抑制霉菌生长、但产毒增加;肉桂醛可以抑制霉菌生长与产毒;PDA培养基中,第5天肉桂醛、柠檬醛、特比萘芬、双乙酸钠、苯甲酸钠、香叶醇、肉桂酸均能抑制黄曲霉的生长和AFB_(1)的产生,肉桂酸使单位面积AFB_(1)含量升高。结果提示,并非所有的霉菌抑制剂在抑制霉菌生长的同时也能抑制产毒;霉菌抑制剂在PDA培养基中实验结果与玉米粉中实验结果并不完全一致,其具体机制需要进一步研究。The purpose of this study was to explore that whether mold inhibitors could inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus while inhibiting its toxin production,so as to provide a scientific basis for the development and rational use of mold inhibitors.Ten mold inhibitors,including o-vanillin,vanillin,cinnamaldehyde,citral,caffeic acid phenethyl ester,terbinafine,sodium diacetate,sodium benzoate,geraniol and cinnamic acid,were added to the corn flour substrate with a moisture content of 18%.The content of aflatoxin B_(1)(AFB_(1))and the total number of molds were measured at 28℃on the seventh day.Cinnamaldehyde,citral,terbinafine sodium diacetate,sodium benzoate,geraniol and cinnamic acid were selected according to their inhibitory effects,and were further cultured in the PDA medium and colony diameters,and AFB_(1) contents were determined on the fifth days.The results indicated that vanillin,caffeic acid phenethyl ester,terbinafine and sodium diacetate could inhibit the growth of mold,but the toxin production increased;some concentrations of o-vanillin and citral could inhibit the growth of mold,but the toxin production increased;cinnamaldehyde could inhibit mold growth and toxin production.In PDA medium,cinnamaldehyde,citral,terbinafine,sodium diacetate,sodium benzoate,geraniol and cinnamic acid could inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus and the production of AFB_(1) on the fifth day,and cinnamic acid increased AFB_(1) per unit area.The results suggested that not all mold inhibitors could inhibit the growth of mold and the production of toxin at the same time;the test results of mold inhibitors in PDA medium were not consistent with those in corn flour,and the specific mechanism needed to be further studied.

关 键 词：霉菌抑制剂 黄曲霉 产毒 

分 类 号：TS21[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]