求同存异:我国培智学校与普通学校劳动课程标准的比较研究  

Seeking Common Ground While Reserving Differences:A Comparative Study of the Labor Curriculum Standards in Schools for Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Regular Schools in China

作　　者：班婧 徐慧 朱涵 BAN Jing;XU Hui;ZHU Han(Zhuhai Special Education School,Zhuhai Guangdong 519070,China;Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海市特殊教育学校,广东珠海519070 [2]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报》2025年第2期87-92,共6页Journal of Beijing Union University

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究规划基金项目“融合教育高质量发展背景下普通学校特教班的建设机制与保障路径研究”(24YJA880084);深圳市福田区教育科研揭榜项目“核心素养视域下培智学校劳动教育高质量项目式学习设计与实践研究”(FTJY2024126)。

摘　　要：为厘清我国培智学校劳动教育的发展航向,对培智学校与普通学校的劳动课程标准进行文本比较。研究发现:培智学校与普通学校的劳动课程整体沿袭了马克思主义劳动学说与生态系统理论范式,具有发挥劳动综合育人功能、遵循生态系统时空框架、聚焦学生日常劳动实践等特点。受中华传统文化劳动观念与缺陷补偿教育思想的影响,二者在价值理念、设计思路与实施过程等方面仍存在差异。新时代培智学校劳动课程改革需要妥善处理不同课程标准话语体系的融合问题,从而有效提升学生劳动素养。The labor curriculum is an essential pathway for nurturing the builders and successors of socialism in the new era.To clarify the direction of labor education in schools for children with intellectual disabilities in China,this study compares the labor education curriculum standards between special education schools and regular schools.It finds that both the labor curricula in schools for children with intellectual disabilities and regular schools follow the Marxist labor theory and the ecological systems theory paradigm.They share characteristics such as promoting the comprehensive educational function of labor,adhering to the ecological system’s temporal and spatial framework,and focusing on students’daily labor practices.However,influenced by traditional Chinese cultural concepts of labor and compensatory education ideology,there are still differences in terms of value concepts,design thinking,and implementation processes.In the future,the future comprehensive reform of labor courses in schools for children with intellectual disabilities requires systematic thinking and careful integration of different curriculum standards’discursive systems to effectively enhance the labor literacy of students in these schools.

关 键 词：劳动课程标准 培智学校 义务教育 文本比较 

分 类 号：G632[文化科学—教育学]