中小学生生态文明素养的发展现状与提升策略--基于全国82438名中小学生的测评数据  

Development Status and Improvement Strategies of Ecological Literacy among Primary and Secondary School Students——Based on the Evaluation Data of 82,438 Primary and Secondary School Students

作　　者：马毅飞 MA Yifei

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期204-215,306,共13页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“中小学生生态文明素养的内涵、标准与培养策略研究”(BHA210123),项目负责人:刘永福。

摘　　要：中小学生生态文明素养事关国家和民族的文明程度,也决定着未来生态文明建设的力度和效果。通过文献资料梳理、国际比较研究和焦点小组访谈,构建中小学生生态文明素养的结构框架和指标体系。基于此,对全国82438名中小学生调查发现,中小学生的生态文明素养总体良好,具体呈现出生态知识“广而不精”、生态情感“积极正面”、生态意识“向上向好”、生态行为“知行疏离”的特点。同时,存在“城乡不均”和“学段倒挂”的现象。未来,要聚焦中小学生生态文明素养的薄弱环节,从制度设计、培育方式和资源保障等方面系统发力,着力构建学段贯通的生态文明教育政策体系,重点提升农村学校生态文明教育水平,探索知行合一的生态文明素养培育模式,建设多方协同的生态文明教育实践生态。The ecological literacy of primary and secondary school students is related to the ethical level of the nation,and determines the strength and effectiveness of future ecological-ethical standard advancement.This study constructs a structural framework and indicator system for ecological literacy of primary and secondary school students through literature review,international comparative research,and focus group interviews.Based on a large-scale survey of 82,438 students,it was found that the ecological literacy of primary and secondary school students generally performs well,characterized by“broad but superficial”ecological knowledge,“positive and proactive”ecological emotions,“upward-trending”ecological awareness,and“discrepancy between knowledge and practice”in ecological behavior.Concurrently,the phenomena of“urban-rural disparity”and“inversion across educational stages”were observed.In the future,we need to focus on the weak links in the ecological literacy of primary and secondary school students,and make systematic efforts in system design,cultivation methods,and resource protection.We will focus on building a policy system for ecological education that connects different stages of study,explore a model of ecological literacy cultivation that combines knowledge and action,and build a multi-party collaborative ecological education practice system.

关 键 词：中小学生 生态文明素养 生态知识 生态情感 生态意识 生态行为 

分 类 号：G41[文化科学—教育学]