唐文治“新实学”思想研究  

A Study on Tang Wenzhi's Thought of “New Practical Learning”

作　　者：史斌 SHI Bin

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《孔子研究》2025年第1期96-107,159,共13页Confucius Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“盛宣怀档案科技文献整理与研究”(项目编号:21BTQ108)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：唐文治的实学思想是对明清实学的传承与发展。时代变局之下,唐文治实学思想已经突破传统实学的范畴,具有“新实学”的理论意涵。通过融合西学知识体系,唐文治发展了传统实学的元气实体、理气合一、道器不离等思想,为其开展经世活动奠定了理论基础。为了解决社会现实问题,唐文治认为,道德践履与经世实践必须结合,并且根据历史情境变化而调整其逻辑关系,做到“虚实相济”。在具体事功方面,唐文治开展了科技教育、工商实业、国际交流、立宪政治等经世活动,这些活动拓展了传统实学的内涵与外延,具有明显的时代特征。通过探讨唐文治新实学的理论内涵与历史影响,可以更加清晰地梳理传统实学向现代学术转型的思想史轨迹,亦可以从实学视角为审视当代社会问题提供理论参考。Tang Wenzhi's thought of new practical learning is the inheritance and development of practical learning in Ming and Qing dynasties. Under the changing times, Tang Wenzhi's thought of practical learning has broken through the category of traditional practical learning and has the connotation of “New Practical Learning”. Through the integration of western learning, Tang Wenzhi developed the thoughts of traditional practical learning, such as the entity of Yuan Qi, the unity of Li and Qi, and the inseparability of Tao and Qi, which laid the foundation for carrying out statecraft activities. In order to solve the problems of social reality, Tang Wenzhi believed that moral practice and statecraft practice must be combined, and adjust their logical relations according to historical changes to achieve “the complement of deficiency and reality”. In terms of specific work, Tang Wenzhi carried out science and technology education, industry and commerce, international communication, constitutional politics, which expanded the connotation and extension of traditional practical learning and had the characteristics of the times. By discussing the theoretical connotation and historical influence of Tang Wenzhi's “New Practical Learning”, we can sort out the ideological track of the transformation from traditional Practical Learning to modern academic, and provide theoretical reference for examining contemporary social issues from the perspective of Practical Learning.

关 键 词：唐文治 新实学 元气实体 经世致用 躬行实践 

分 类 号：B259.9[哲学宗教—中国哲学]