基于胜任力培养的应用型生殖遗传学教学模式构建  

Construction of Applied Reproductive Genetics Teaching Mode Based on Competency Cultivation

作　　者：李乐军[1] 胡珉豪 李景平[1] 王丽雅[2] LI Lejun;HU Minhao;LI Jingping;WANG Liya(Department of Reproductive Endocrinology,Women’s Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310006,China;Department of Reproductive Genetics,Women’s Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院生殖内分泌科,浙江杭州310006 [2]浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院生殖遗传科,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《医学教育研究与实践》2025年第2期281-287,共7页Medical Education Research and Practice

基　　金：浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y202249537)。

摘　　要：生殖遗传学作为一门新兴学科,发展极为迅速。当前,众多医院陆续开设生殖遗传咨询门诊,因此,培养一批合格的生殖遗传医师已刻不容缓。与其他成熟学科不同,生殖遗传学目前在可参考教材及教学模式方面均存在显著不足。通过文献检索及经验总结,基于胜任力培养以及其评价方法MiniCEX(迷你临床演练评估)可作为生殖遗传的教学模式,用于帮助培养生殖遗传咨询医师。因为生殖遗传具有其特殊性:一是涉及非常前沿的理论与实践操作,不仅需要在理论上熟悉遗传疾病相关遗传知识,而且需要熟练掌握并及时了解最新的检测方法;二是生殖遗传患者的特殊性,其自我隐私保护以及对婚姻和后代健康的担忧等,医生需要更加注重沟通技巧以及人文关怀等方面。本文通过基于胜任力培养,从临床技能方面采用基于实践的能力培训(Practice-based Competencies,PBC)教学,重视家族史调查,强调线上学习以便及时了解最新遗传学知识;参加生殖遗传实验室的学习,针对生殖遗传患者特有的心理状况,加强沟通技能和人文关怀的培训;最后通过评价方法Mini-CEX对教学成果进行考核评估,构建培养合格的应用型生殖遗传医师的教学模式。Reproductive Genetics,an emerging discipline,is developing rapidly.At present,an increasing number of hospitals have gradually established Reproductive Genetic counseling outpatient service,and it is urgent to cultivate a group of qualified Reproductive Genetic physicians.Unlike other established disciplines,Reproductive Genetics currently lacks reference for teaching materials and teaching modes.Through literature reviews and experiential insights,the educational mode based on competency development,along with its evaluation tool Mini-CEX,can be used to help cultivate skilled Reproductive Genetic counseling professionals.Given the cutting-edge nature of Reproductive Genetics,practitioners must not only require proficiency in genetic concepts but must also timely update on the latest testing methods.Furthermore,the unique characteristics of Reproductive Genetic patients,including heightened privacy concerns and anxieties regarding marriage and family health,require doctors to be proficient in communication and humanistic care.Based on competency development,this article suggests adopting the practice-based competencies(PBC)approach from the perspective of clinical skills,conducting in-depth family history inquiries,engaging in online learning for updated genetic information,and participating in the study of Reproductive Genetics laboratory work.Emphasis is also placed on enhancing communication skills and humanistic care training for the unique psychological conditions of Reproductive Genetic patients.Ultimately,the Mini-CEX evaluation method is employed to evaluate the teaching outcomes,aiming to establish a robust educational mode for cultivating qualified applied Reproductive Genetic physicians.

关 键 词：生殖遗传 胜任力 教学模式 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]