电机主动架悬动车组转向架动力学性能研究  

Study on Dynamic Performance of EMU Bogies with Motor Active Suspension

作　　者：霍文彪 黄彩虹[1] 胡晗达 杨震寰 郑彪[1] HUO Wenbiao;HUANG Caihong;HU Handa;YANG Zhenhuan;ZHENG Biao(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;CRRC TANGSHAN Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063035,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司,河北唐山063035

出　　处：《铁道学报》2025年第2期43-54,共12页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1934202,51905454,U2268211);四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC0401)。

摘　　要：电机被动架悬转向架的电机悬挂频率无法跟随轮轨匹配等效锥度的变化而变化,所以对蛇行运动的动力吸振效果不佳。提出电机主动架悬方法,通过主动调节电机悬挂参数,使电机横移固有振动频率跟随轮轨匹配等效锥度的变化而变化,从而时刻达到理想的动力吸振状态。建立电机架悬转向架动力学模型,研究轮轨匹配等效锥度和转向架悬挂参数对电机最佳横移频率的影响。当电机横移阻尼比取0.5附近时,系统最小阻尼比达到最大。虽然轮轨匹配等效锥度和转向架悬挂参数变化会引起电机最佳横移频率和转向架蛇行频率的改变,但蛇行频率和电机最佳横移频率的差值始终保持在1.0~1.5 Hz范围内。因此,通过实时检测转向架蛇行频率,减去1.0~1.5 Hz即可得到电机最佳横移频率,再结合电机和构架相对位移和速度信号,即可实现对电机架悬参数的自适应调节。为了补偿控制系统时滞的影响,给出时滞的实时补偿方法。利用Simpack-Simulink进行整车动力学联合仿真,分析电机主动架悬控制策略对动力学性能的影响,验证控制方法的有效性。提出的控制策略能够有效提升动车组的蛇行稳定性和横向平稳性,对垂向平稳性与曲线通过安全性的影响很小。The motor suspension frequency of motor driven bogie can not change with the change of wheel rail matching equivalent conicity,resulting in poor dynamic vibration absorption of hunting motion.The motor active suspension method was proposed.By actively adjusting the motor suspension parameters,the motor lateral frequency changes with the change of equivalent conicity,achieving the ideal dynamic vibration absorption state at all times.A dynamic model of motor bogie suspension was established,to study the influence of equivalent conicity and bogie suspension parameters on the optimal lateral frequency of the motor.In the case of 0.5 lateral damping ratio of the motor,the minimum damping ratio of the system reached the maximum.Although changes in equivalent conicity and bogie suspension parameters will cause changes in the optimal lateral frequency of the motor and bogie hunting frequency,the difference between the hunting frequency and the optimal lateral frequency of the motor always remains within the range of 1.0~1.5 Hz.Therefore,through real-time detection of the bogie hunting frequency,the optimal lateral frequency of the motor can be obtained by subtracting 1.0~1.5 Hz.Combined with the relative displacement and speed signals of the motor and the frame,adaptive adjustment of the motor suspension parameters can be realized.In order to compensate for the influence of time delay in the control system,a real-time compensation method for time delay was also presented.Simpack and Simulink were used to carry out joint simulation of vehicle dynamics,analyze the influence of motor active suspension control strategy on dynamic performance,and verify the effectiveness of the control method.The control strategy proposed in this paper can effectively improve the hunting stability and lateral Ride Index of EMU,with little impact on vertical Ride Index and curve negotiation safety.

关 键 词：高速转向架 电机悬挂 动力吸振 主动控制 蛇行运动 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]