实习指导对顶岗实习生离职异质性影响的实证研究——基于深层次相似性差异化视角  

An Empirical Study on the Heterogeneous Effects of Internship Guidance on the Turnover Intentions of On-the-Job Interns--From the Perspective of Deep-Level Similarity Differentiation

作　　者：殷志扬[1,2,3] 郝景慧 严斌剑 YIN hiyng;A Jinghui;YAN Binjan(Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture,Suzhou 215008,China;Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;Nanjing Agriculture University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州农业职业技术学院,江苏苏州215008 [2]常州大学,江苏常州213164 [3]南京农业大学,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《高等职业教育探索》2025年第2期63-72,共10页Higher Vocational Education Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“城乡一体化对中国居民代际流动性影响研究——基于物质资本、人力资本和社会资本的视角”(71503129);江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学研究基金项目“校企合作过程中指导关系对顶岗实习学生离职倾向影响的实证研究”(2020SJA1482);江苏高校“青蓝工程”优秀教学团队资助基金项目“连锁经营管理专业优秀教学团队”(苏教师[2021]11号)。

摘　　要：基于深层次相似性差异化视角,依据对江苏、安徽、浙江和山东4个省高职院校开展抽样跟踪调查获得的1160份调研数据,实证分析了实习指导对具有不同深层次相似性的顶岗实习生离职的异质性影响,及其在深层次相似性较高的前提下,身处不同产业、不同规模企业的企业导师所提供的实习指导对顶岗实习生离职的异质性影响。研究发现:首先,实习指导对高深层次相似性的顶岗实习生离职具有显著的负向影响,实习指导对低深层次相似性顶岗实习生离职的负向影响则不显著;其次,在深层次相似性较高的前提下,对于在第一产业和第二产业实习的学生,企业导师提供的社会心理指导相较于职业发展指导,对顶岗实习生离职的负向影响更加显著,对于在第三产业实习的学生,职业发展指导相较于社会心理指导,对顶岗实习生离职的负向影响更加显著;第三,相较于在微型企业、小型企业和中型企业实习的学生,在大型企业实习的学生从企业导师那里接受到的社会心理指导对其离职的负向影响更加显著。Based on the perspective of deep-level similarity differentiation,this study empirically analyzed the heterogeneous impact of internship guidance on the turnover of on-the-job interns with different deep-level similarities,and the heterogeneous impact of internship guidance provided by enterprise mentors in different industries and scales on the turnover of on-the-job interns,using l160 survey data obtained from a sampling and tracking survey of vocational colleges in four provinces(Jiangsu,Anhui,Zhejiang,and Shandong).The findings reveal that:Firstly,internship guidance has a significant negative impact on the turnover intentions of interns with high-level similarity,whereas its impact on interns with low deep-level similarity is not significant.Secondly,given high deep-level similarity,social psychological guidance from enterprise mentors has a more pronounced negative impact on turnover intentions for interns in the primary and secondary industries compared to career development guidance.For students interning in the tertiary industry,career development guidance has a more significant negative impact on the resignation of on-the-job interns compared to social psychological guidance.Thirdly,interns in large enterprises who receive social psychological guidance from mentors exhibit lower turnover intentions compared to those in micro,small,and medium-sized enterprises.

关 键 词：实习指导 深层次相似性 离职 顶岗实习 异质性 

分 类 号：G712.44[文化科学—职业技术教育学]