社会阶层与社会变迁认知:基于能力和热情维度的考察  

Social Class and Perceptions of Social Change:An Examination Based on the Dimensions of Competence and Warmth

作　　者：韦庆旺[1] 阳光耀 吕艳奇 董文兰 邦丽娟 Wei Qingwang;Yang Guangyao;Lyu Yanqi;Dong Wenlan;Bang Lijuan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学心理学系

出　　处：《中国社会心理学评论》2024年第1期224-240,248,共18页Chinese Social Psychological Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“社会阶层视角下的文化心理变迁机制研究”(项目编号:20BSH141)的资助

摘　　要：不同于社会心理变迁研究关注人们的心理如何随着社会变迁而发生的实际改变,社会变迁认知研究考察人们主观上如何看待社会变迁的规律。本研究基于社会变迁的常人理论,探讨个体的社会阶层对其社会变迁认知的影响。研究1采用问卷法,让602名被试对100年前、30年前、20年后的中国社会在能力和热情两个维度上与现在社会进行比较和评估,并报告自己的主观社会阶层,发现高阶层更认为中国社会在能力得分上随着社会发展越来越高,低阶层更认为中国社会在热情得分上随着社会发展越来越低。研究2采用实验法,让225名被试对想象的社会变迁进行评估,得到了与研究1一样的结果。本文结合社会变迁与社会阶层理论,讨论了研究的理论意义以及对于解释中国社会变迁的现实意义。Unlike the study of social psychological change,which focuses on how people's psychology changes with social change,the study of social change perception examines how people view the law of social change.Based on the folk theory of social change,this paper examines the moderating role of social class in social change perception.In Study 1,602 participants compared the competence and warmth of society 100 years ago,30 years ago and 20 years later with those of today's society,and reported their subjective social class.The upper class is more likely to believe that China's social score in terms of competence is increasing with social development,while the lower class is more likely to believe that China's social score in terms of enthusiasm is decreasing with social development.In Study 3,225 participants were used to conduct experimental manipulation on social class and perceptions of social change,which further supported the results of study 2.Combined with the theory of social change and social class,we discussed the theoretical significance of the research and its practical significance in explaining China's social change.

关 键 词：社会阶层 社会变迁 能力 热情 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学] C912.6[哲学宗教—心理学]