墨家生态哲学思想论述  

Discussion of Mohist Ecological Philosophy

作　　者：林丹慧 Lin Danhui

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学马克思主义学院 [2]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)

出　　处：《理论界》2025年第3期24-31,共8页Theory Horizon

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国生态哲学思想史研究”(14ZDB005)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：墨家思想是我国先秦重要思想流派之一,历来受学术界重视,有较多研究成果。但以往研究大多从政治伦理角度出发,本文则从生态哲学的角度切入墨家思想,阐发墨家对人与自然关系的哲学认识。墨家生态哲学思想主要表现为上尊天、下爱人的天人关系论,“兼爱”的生态德性论,“节用”和“以时生财”的生态实践论。墨家站在劳动者的角度认识人与自然的关系,把良好的生态环境视为“天志”的表达,把天与人之间的爱作为“兼爱”的逻辑基础,强调“节用”和“生财”要“以时”而为,这些观点在先秦生态哲学理论中独树一帜,对当代中国生态文明建设亦有重要价值。Mohism,a significant schoo1l of thoughti nthe Pre-Qin period,has consistently garnered attention from academic circles,resulting in a wealth of research.However,previous studies have predominantly interpreted Mohism through the lens of political ethics.This paper,in contrast,delves into Mohism from the perspective of ecological philosophy.The ecological philosophy of Mohism is primarily reflectedinits theory of the relationship between nature and humanity,the ecological virtue of"universal love",and the ecological practices of"frugal use"and"timely utilization".Mohism viewed the relationship between humans and nature from the standpoint of laborers,considered a healthy ecological environment as a manifestation of the"will of heaven",regarded the love between heaven and humanity as the logical foundation of"universal love",and emphasized that"frugal use"and"timely utilization"should be"time-based".These perspectives were unique within the ecological philosophy theories of the Pre-Qinperiod and hold significant value for the construction of contemporary China's ecological civilization.

关 键 词：墨家 生态哲学 天人关系 兼爱 节用 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]