一种抗冲击噪声的高精度波达方向估计算法  

A High-Accuracy Direction of Arrival Estimation Algorithm for Impact Noise Resistance

作　　者：单泽彪[1,2] 姚瑞广 刘小松[1] 薛泓垚 刘云清[1] SHAN Zebiao;YAO Ruiguang;LIU Xiaosong;XUE Hongyao;LIU Yunqing(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China;College of Communication Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学电子信息工程学院,130022长春 [2]吉林大学通信工程学院,130022长春

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2025年第4期193-202,共10页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC220390);吉林省自然科学基金资助项目(YDZJ202301ZYTS412)。

摘　　要：针对现有波达方向(DOA)估计算法在冲击噪声下估计精度较低的问题,提出了一种基于相控分数低阶矩和指数族分布函数的离格近似ι_(0)范数DOA估计算法。首先,利用相控分数低阶矩抑制冲击噪声,构建稀疏DOA模型;其次,通过对平滑函数的平滑性和陡峭性进行研究,构造了一类平滑性和陡峭性可变的函数族,并利用该函数族求解初始支撑集;然后,提出了一种前向展望和后向延拓策略,对初始支撑集进行扩展,并从中选择出可以使残差最小化的一组支撑集为最优支撑集,从而确定在格DOA估计;最后,为了解决网格失配效应,利用DOA粗估计与离格偏差之间的联合稀疏性,通过交替方向迭代联合求解DOA粗估计与离格偏差,获得离格DOA估计值。仿真结果表明:与正交匹配追踪算法相比,在信噪比为-8 dB时,所提算法的DOA估计精度提高了66.36%。此外,当冲击噪声特征指数大于0.6时,所提算法对目标DOA的估计误差可以控制在1°以内。仿真结果充分说明了所提算法可在冲击噪声下实现高精度的DOA估计。To address the issue of low estimation accuracy in existing direction of arrival(DOA)estimation algorithms under impulsive noise,an off-grid approximation ι_(0)-norm DOA estimation algorithm based on phased fractional low-order moments(PFLOM)and exponential family distribution functions is proposed.Firstly,PFLOM is employed to suppress impulsive noise and construct a sparse DOA model.Secondly,by analyzing the smoothness and steepness of smoothing functions,a family of functions with variable smoothness and steepness is constructed.This function family is used to solve the initial support set.Then,a forward-looking and backward-extending strategy is introduced to expand the initial support set,selecting a group of support sets that minimizes the residual to determine the optimal support set for grid-based DOA estimation.Finally,to address grid mismatch effects,the joint sparsity between DOA coarse estimates and off-grid deviation is used to jointly solve DOA coarse estimates and off-grid deviations through alternating direction iterative methods to obtain off-grid DOA estimate.Simulation results show that,compared to the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm,the proposed algorithm improves the DOA estimation accuracy by 66.36%at a signal-to-noise ratio of-8dB.Furthermore,when the impulsive noise characteristic index exceeds 0.6,the estimation error of the target DOA by the proposed algorithm can be controlled within 1°.These results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve high-precision DOA estimation under impulsive noise.

关 键 词：波达方向估计 近似l 0范数 冲击噪声 指数族分布函数 前向展望 后向延拓 

分 类 号：TN911[电子电信—通信与信息系统]