德国对华科教合作政策变迁分析——2015-2024年德国政府“中国能力”资助政策为例  

A Retrospective Analysis of Germany's Policies on Scientific and Educational Cooperation with China:The Evolution of the German Government's"China Competence"Funding Policy from 2015 to 2024

作　　者：罗勋 许涌斌 LUO Xun;XU Yongbin(School of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Justus Liebig University Giessen,Giessen,Germany 35394;School of Journalism and Communication,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100089;Institute for Global Humanities,Nanjing University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215009)

机构地区：[1]吉森大学外国语言文化学院,德国吉森35394 [2]清华大学新闻与传播学院,北京100089 [3]南京大学全球人文研究院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2025年第3期33-42,73,共11页International and Comparative Education

摘　　要：为了加强与中国在科教领域的合作,德国联邦教育与科研部于2015年发布《中国战略2015一2020》,并提出“中国能力”概念,旨在提升德国高校及研究机构对华合作中所需的综合能力。此后,德国推出一系列资助政策和措施以支持“中国能力”建设。经过十年实践,“中国能力”在德国学术界和政界得到广泛关注与普及。然而,2023年,德国发布《德国联邦政府的中国战略》,标志着对华政策的战略转向,“中国能力”政策和资助措施随之转变。“中国能力”从促进理解互信的对象国能力逐步演变成一种管控风险的政治博奔能力。这一转变对中德科教合作的可持续性提出挑战。In 2015,the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research introduced the China Strategy 2015-2020,launching the concept of"China Competence"to enhance cooperation with China in science and higher education.This initiative aimed to strengthen the capacity of German universities and research institutions to engage with China through targeted funding policies and programs.Over the past decade,"China Competence"has become a central framework guiding Germany's academic and political relations with China.However,the release of the China Strategy of the German Federal Government in 2023 marked a strategic shift in Germany's China policy,leading to changes in funding policies and measures related to"China Competence."As a result,what was originally intended to foster mutual understanding and trust has gradually evolved into a political framework for risk management in bilateral relations.To address this shift,Chinese universities should align their priorities with those of German institutions in future collaborations.In addition to compliance and risk assessment,Chinese universities should emphasize open communication with their German counterparts to identify new areas of mutual interest and cooperation.

关 键 词：中国能力 中国战略 科教合作 政府资助 

分 类 号：G510[文化科学—教育学]