基于时空矩阵分解的路网交通数据修复方法  

Traffic Data Imputation Method of Road Network Based on Spatial-Temporal Matrix Factorization

作　　者：许伦辉 许润南[1] XU Lunhui;XU Runnan(School of Computer Science,Guangdong University of Science and Technology,Dongguan Guangdong 523083,China;School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]广东科技学院计算机学院,广东东莞523083 [2]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东广州510641

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期20-29,共10页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52072130);广东省普通高校重点领域专项(2021ZDZX1077);广东科技学院科研项目(GKY-2023KYYBY-21)。

摘　　要：针对城市路网交通数据缺失问题,综合考虑交通数据客观存在的时空特性,本文提出一种基于时空矩阵分解(spatial-temporal matrix factorization,STMF)的路网交通数据修复方法。首先依据路网时空属性,将多维交通数据处理为二维矩阵形式,将其分解为空间特征矩阵和时间特征矩阵,并通过低秩近似的方式重构不完整交通数据矩阵,实现缺失数据的基本修复。然后,利用图拉普拉斯(graph Laplacian,GL)和门控循环网络(gated recurrent network,GRN)分别作为空间和时间正则器,进一步挖掘路网交通数据的空间结构关联特性和时间依赖特性,有效提高路网交通数据的修复精度。最后,采用洛杉矶交通速度数据集(Metr-LA)和广州交通数据集(Guangzhou-D)对STMF模型的性能与GAIN、BGCP、BTMF、LRTC-TNN和HaLRTC等基准模型进行对比,实验结果表明,本文提出的基于时空矩阵分解STMF模型相比基准模型,能更好地适应不同的缺失场景和不同的缺失率,缺失数据修复性能具有更好的鲁棒性。To tackle the issue of missing traffic data in urban road network,this paper proposes a road network traffic data imputation method based on the spatial-temporal matrix factorization(namely STMF).Based on the spatiotemporal properties of the road network,this study first processes the multidimensional traffic data into a 2D matrix,then decomposes it into a spatial feature matrix and a temporal feature matrix and reconstructs the incomplete traffic data matrix by a low-rank approximation to achieve the basic repair of the missing data.Then graph Laplacian(GL)and gated recurrent network(GRN)are used as spatial and temporal regularizers respectively,to further mine spatial topology information and temporal dependencies of the urban road network and enhance the accuracy of matrix reconstruction and missing value imputation.Finally,the Los Angeles Traffic Speed dataset(Metr-LA)and Guangzhou Traffic dataset(Guangzhou-D)are used to compare the performance of STMF model with benchmark models such as GAIN,BGCP,BTMF,LRTC-TNN and HaLRTC.The experimental results show that,compared with the benchmark model,the proposed STMF model based on temporal matrix decomposition can better adapt to different missing scenarios and different missing rates,and the performance of missing data repair is more robust.

关 键 词：智能交通 数据修复 矩阵分解 交通数据 图拉普拉斯 门控循环网络 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]