生于忧患:儒家思想的奋斗底色  

Living with Awareness of Adversity:The Striving Undertone of Confucian Thought

作　　者：张丽娟 ZHANG Lijuan

机构地区：[1]集美大学马克思主义学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期23-30,168,共9页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“创造性转化与创新性发展视野下的中华生命智慧研究”(22ZDA082)。

摘　　要：忧患意识是儒家思想的内在底蕴,也是中国传统文化的基本精神。孔子作为儒家学派的创始人,其忧患意识对于塑造儒家思想奋发有为的特性具有重要的作用。具体来说,孔子忧于人性幽微则自觉内省不疚、忧于政治混乱则努力担当进取、忧于文化断裂则奋力赓续道统,由此形成的“修身-治世-传道”三维动态结构在宋明理学中得到传承与深化,实现了本体-工夫的贯通、内圣-外王的联结和人文-天道的交融,成为儒家思想坚守仁义、奋发有为、主动创造的精神底色和文化气质。The awareness of adversity is an inherent foundation of Confucian thought,as well as a core element of traditional Chinese culture.As the founder of Confucianism,Confucius's awareness of adversity played an important role in shaping the proactive and aspirational characteristics of Confucian thought.Specifically,Confucius's concern over the complexities of human nature led him to conscientiously engage in self-reflection and remain free from guilt;his anxiety over political chaos motivated him to assume responsibility and strive for progress;his fear of cultural discontinuity drove him to perpetuate the orthodox tradition.The resulting dynamic three-dimensional structure of“moral cultivation-political governance-transmission of doctrine”was inherited and deepened by Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism,achieving the integration of ontology and practice,the connection between inner sageliness and outer kingliness,and the fusion of humanism and the heavenly way,thereby establishing the spiritual undertone and cultural temperament of Confucian thought characterized by adherence to benevolence and righteousness,vigorous endeavor,and proactive creativity.

关 键 词：孔子 忧患意识 修身 治世 传道 奋斗精神 儒家思想 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]