“让哲学说汉语”真的可能吗?——伽达默尔的一种突破性理解及其意义探析  

Is It Really Possible for Philosophy to Speak Chinese?:A Breakthrough Understanding in Gadamer and Its Significance

作　　者：张能为[1] Zhang Nengwei

机构地区：[1]安徽大学哲学学院,合肥230039

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期55-69,179,180,共17页Journal of East China Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“《伽达默尔著作集》第10卷解释学与实践哲学新研究”(项目编号:22BZX095)。

摘　　要：汉语哲学是近年来学界热议论题。作为哲学证成的奠基性问题即是“让哲学说汉语”何以可能?以往囿于汉语语言形式本身的讨论争议甚大,乃至“中国哲学合法性”成了复杂和难以说清的问题。当代解释学家伽达默尔基于存在理解而超出语言形式本身来看待这一问题,主张不存在哲学的专门语言,哲学思考并非语法考察;一种语言能否作为哲学语言,关键不在于有无“to be”系动词的语言形式结构,而在于是否通过语言的表达通向事物存在的普遍性意义理解和显现。这一看法是变革性的、突破性的,应合了当代语言学新理论,使得语言与思想的关系不再停留于具体语言形式上,而是关涉到了语言表达的存在论理解和普遍性意义创造,并明确强调了汉语语言的叙事结构同样传达着哲学的形而上学的洞见,决定思想的是在语言中被表达出来的事物本身,美学就是汉语文化中真正的形而上学和普遍化的思想方式。伽达默尔的论述为汉语言何以能够言说哲学提出了新的奠基性论证和思想理解,指向了汉语哲学建构的理论关切与哲学需要的实现,在哲学自身变化语境中,从根本上为不同于西方语言的其他语言形式的哲学形态、思想道路真正打开了多元性意义理解的普遍化空间。Chinese philosophy has been a hot topic in the academic community in recent years.To philosophically justify“Chinese philosophy,”the fundamental question is as follows:How is it possible to make philosophy speak Chinese?Past scholarship frequently confined debates to Chinese linguistic structures,inadvertently rendering the legitimacy of Chinese philosophy a contested and elusive subject.Gadamer’s contemporary hermeneutics approaches this issue by grounding it in the understanding of existence beyond linguistic structures,asserting that philosophy requires no privileged language and that philosophical thought transcends grammatical scrutiny.The philosophical capacity of a language is determined not by the presence of a copula(such as‘to be’),but rather by its ability to enable the comprehension and articulation of existence’s universal meaning through its linguistic framework.Demonstrating remarkable conceptual synergy with contemporary linguistic scholarship,Gadamer’s hermeneutic framework embodies a paradigm-shifting reconfiguration of the language-thought dialectics,which transcends mere morphological particularities,engaging fundamentally with the existential comprehension and hermeneutic construction of universal signification through linguistic mediation.It will explicitly foreground that the narrative architecture of the Chinese language can equally encapsulate philosophical and metaphysical insights and it is the things expressed in language itself that determines thought.Within the cultural tapestry of China,aesthetics emerges as the authentic metaphysical and universal modality of thinking.Gadamer’s discourse furnishes a novel foundational argument and ideological perspective on how the Chinese language articulates philosophy,alluding to both the theoretical concerns of constructing Chinese philosophy and the fulfillment of this philosophical imperative.Against the backdrop of philosophy’s own evolution,Gadamer’s theory radically inaugurates a universal horizon for appreciating the d

关 键 词：伽达默尔 语言学 解释学 汉语哲学 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]