人工智能融入基础教育:助内卷抑或提新质?  

Integrating Artificial Intelligence into K-12 Education to Promote Involution or High-quality Upgrading?

作　　者：胡小勇[1,2] 刘雪旎 陈丽诗 刘颜帆 刘晓红 HU Xiaoyong;LIU Xueni;CHEN Lishi;LIU Yanfan;LIU Xiaohong(Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;Center for Faculty Development,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;School of Information Technology in Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学教育人工智能研究院,广东广州510631 [2]华南师范大学教师发展中心,广东广州510631 [3]华南师范大学教育信息技术学院,广东广州510631

出　　处：《开放教育研究》2025年第2期45-54,共10页Open Education Research

基　　金：2024年国家社科基金教育学一般项目“教师数字胜任力伴随式智能测评研究”(BCA240050)。

摘　　要：以人工智能为代表的新质生产力正深刻影响基础教育的育人图景。基础教育是建设教育强国的基点,人工智能的融入既可能推动教育新质发展,也可能助推教育内卷,呈双重效应。本研究首先溯源教育内卷成因,指出人工智能可能通过扩大教育内卷传播场域、强化资源分配不均、加剧教育评价异化和深化替代效应等助推基础教育内卷;其次,剖析面向未来的基础教育特征,包括指向全面发展与高阶能力的培养目标、优质均衡与跨学科的课程资源、人机协同与终身性的育人方式、素养导向与公平的教育评价、开放灵活的空间环境以及安全智能的服务管理,阐述了人工智能赋能基础教育变革的价值意蕴;最后,提出如何利用人工智能破解教育内卷和促进教育提新质的策略建议,以回应新时代基础教育的育人命题。Artificial Intelligence(AI)is profoundly reshaping the educational landscape of K-12 education.In K-12 education,the cornerstone and foundation for any strong education nation,the integration of AI drives the development of new quality education and intensifies educational involution with dual effects.This study traces the origins of educational involution,revealing that AI could exacerbate involution in K-12 education by expanding its dissemination fields,aggravating resource allocation imbalances,deepening the distortion of educational evaluation,and reinforcing substitution effects.Subsequently,it examines the key characteristics of future-oriented basic education.These characteristics include holistic development and high-order competence cultivation,the provision of high-quality,balanced,and interdisciplinary curricula,the adoption of human-machine collaborative and lifelong learning,the integration of competency-based and equitable assessment mechanisms,the creation of open and flexible learning environments,and the establishment of intelligent yet secure educational governance systems.Furthermore,the study highlights the transformative potential of AI in fostering fundamental changes in basic education.Finally,the study offers strategic recommendations for how to leverage AI to resolve educational involution and promote new quality education advancement to achieve the fundamental mission of talent cultivation in the new era.

关 键 词：人工智能 基础教育 教育内卷 新质教育 人才培养 

分 类 号：G62[文化科学—教育学]