战国秦汉经脉–脏腑相关理论演变史考略  

Textual research on the evolution of the meridian-zangfu related theory in the Warring States,Qin and Han dynasties

作　　者：陈晓红 刘德坤 张瑞斌 曾雅涵 杨莎[1,2,3,4] 余曙光 CHEN Xiaohong;LIU Dekun;ZHANG Ruibin;ZENG Yahan;YANG Sha;YU Shuguang(College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina,Chengdu University of TCM,Chengdu 610075,Sichuan Province,China;Research Team on the Effect Mechanism of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Chengdu 610075,Sichuan Province;Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Against Geriatric Diseases of the Ministry of Education,Chengdu 610075,Sichuan Province;Research Center of Brain Science of Acupuncture and Moxibustion)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学针灸推拿学院,四川成都610075 [2]针灸效应作用机理研究团队,四川成都610075 [3]针灸防治老年疾病教育部重点实验室,四川成都610075 [4]针灸脑科学研究中心

出　　处：《中国针灸》2025年第3期280-287,共8页Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目:82230127;国家自然科学基金资助项目:82374604、82405583;四川省自然科学基金资助项目:2023NSFSC0696、2024NSFSC1975;四川省中央引导地方科技发展专项项目:2024ZYD0129;国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划项目:ZYYCXTD-D-202003。

摘　　要：梳理战国秦汉时期经脉-脏腑相关理论的演变过程,以揭示其发展规律和价值。通过分析历史文献,特别是《足臂十一脉灸经》《阴阳十一脉灸经》、老官山汉简和经穴髹漆人像等资料,探讨经脉与脏腑理论的萌芽、发展和成熟阶段。在战国秦汉时期,经脉-脏腑相关理论经历了从萌芽到成熟的转变。早期文献如《足臂十一脉灸经》和《阴阳十一脉灸经》展示了经脉与脏腑理论的初步联系,主要关注足三阴脉与脏腑的生理联系和病候;老官山汉简和经穴髹漆人像进一步明确了手足阴脉与五脏的生理联系和相关病候,并发展了经脉-脏腑的诊断和治疗理论;到了《灵枢·经脉》,经脉循行与脏腑生理联系的描述多达31次,标志着经脉“环形”流注体系及脏腑表里沟通联系的构建,同时丰富了经脉-脏腑的病候、诊断和治疗内容,标志着经脉-脏腑理论体系的成熟。经脉-脏腑相关理论的演变梳理有助于补充和完善早期经脉-脏腑理论的发展史,进一步认识其规律与价值。这一理论体系的成熟,不仅串联了经脉与五脏六腑,而且为中医的诊断和治疗提供了重要的理论基础。The paper reviews the evolution of the theory related to meridians and zangfu organs during the Warring States,Qin and Han dynasties,so as to reveal the rules and value of its development.By analyzing historical documents,especially Zubi Shiyimai Jiujing(Moxibustion Classics of Eleven Meridians of Legs and Arms),Yinyang Shiyimai Jiujing(Moxibustion Classic on Eleven Yin and Yang Meridians),Laoguanshan bamboo medical slips of Han Dynasty and lacquer figure of meridian points,the evolutionary stages,i.e.the germination,development,and maturity of meridian-zangfu theory,are explored.In the time of the Warring States,Qin and Han dynasties,the meridian-zangfu related theory was developed from the germination to the maturity.In the classics of the early time,Zubi Shiyimai Jiujing and Yinyang Shiyimai Jiujing demonstrated the preliminary relationship between meridians and zangfu organs,focusing on the physiological connection and pathogenesis of three yin meridians of foot and zangfu organs.In the literature of Laoguanshan bamboo medical slips of Han Dynasty and lacquer figure of meridian points,the physiological connection between the yin meridians of hand and foot,and five zang organs,as well as the related diseases were further clarified;additionally,the meridian-zangfu theory had been developed in the field of diagnosis and treatment.In the era of Chapter of Meridians in Lingshu(Miraculous Pivot),there were up to 31 descriptions relevant with the connection of meridian distribution and zangfu physiological functions.It marks the construction of the"circular"flow of meridians and the interior-exterior communication of zang and fu organs;and enriches the knowledge in diseases,diagnosis and treatment with meridians and zangfu organs involved.The review on the evolution of the meridian-zangfu theory is conductive to supplementing and improving the development history of this theory of early time,and further recognizing its development rules and value.The maturity of this theoretical system not only links the meridians w

关 键 词：经脉-脏腑理论 简帛文献 经脉 脏腑 针灸学 医学史 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论]