花青素对太行鸡生产性能、蛋品质、免疫功能、抗氧化能力及肠道组织形态的影响  

Effects of Anthocyanins on Performance,Egg Quality,Immune Function,Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Tissue Morphology of Taihang Chickens

作　　者：刘喆 孙二东 徐大海 郝二英 姬逸凡 李艳慧 袁文 陈俊男 牛星月 苏博斐 陈辉[1] LIU Zhe;SUN Erdong;XU Dahai;HAO Erying;JI Yifan;LI Yanhui;YUAN Wen;CHEN Junnan;NIU Xingyue;SU Bofei;CHEN Hui(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Mahogany Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Baoding 074305,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]桃木疙瘩农业科技股份有限公司,保定074305 [3]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1727-1737,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家蛋鸡产业技术体系(CARS-40);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(HBCT2024260201);保定市科技计划项目(2211N014)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加花青素对太行鸡生产性能、蛋品质、免疫功能、抗氧化能力以及肠道组织形态的影响。选用400只健康、体重相近及生产性能相近的产蛋后期(50周龄)太行鸡,随机分为4个组,每个组10个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不添加花青素),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在基础饲粮中分别添加50、100和150 mg/kg花青素。预试期1周,正试期12周。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲喂添加150 mg/kg花青素的饲粮可显著提高太行鸡的产蛋率(P<0.05),并显著降低料蛋比(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲喂添加50~150 mg/kg花青素的饲粮可显著提高太行鸡蛋中花青素的含量(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲喂添加50~150 mg/kg花青素的饲粮可显著提高太行鸡血浆中白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(P<0.05),并显著降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(P<0.05);饲喂添加150 mg/kg花青素的饲粮还可显著提高太行鸡血浆中总蛋白和总胆固醇含量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲喂添加150 mg/kg花青素的饲粮可显著提高太行鸡血浆中总抗氧化能力以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性和免疫球蛋白A含量(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,饲喂添加50~150 mg/kg花青素的饲粮可显著降低太行鸡回肠和空肠隐窝深度(P<0.05),显著提高十二指肠、回肠和空肠绒隐比(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加花青素可提高太行鸡的生产性能,提高在蛋中花青素的含量,提升鸡蛋的营养价值,并可提高太行鸡抗氧化能力,增强免疫功能,保障肠道健康。本试验条件下,建议太行鸡饲粮中花青素添加量为150 mg/kg。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary anthocyanins supplementation on performance,egg quality,immune function,antioxidant capacity and intestinal tissue morphology of Taihang chickens.A total of 400 healthy Taihang chickens with similar body weight and similar performance in the late laying stage(50 weeks of age)were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups,with 10 replicates as a group and 10 chickens as a replicate.Chickens in control group were fed a basal diet(no anthocyanins added),and those in experimental groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed diets with 50,100 and 150 mg/kg of anthocyanins,respectively.The preliminary trial period was 1 week,and the formal trial period was 12 weeks.The results showed that:1)compared with the control group,feeding diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg of anthocyanins could significantly increase the laying rate of Taihang chickens(P<0.05),and significantly reduce the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,feeding diets supplemented with 50 to 150 mg/kg of anthocyanins could significantly increase the anthocyanins content in eggs of Taihang chickens(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,feeding diets supplemented with 50 to 150 mg/kg of anthocyanins could significantly increase the albumin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents in the plasma of Taihang chickens(P<0.05),and significantly decrease the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol content(P<0.05);feeding diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg of anthocyanins could significantly the total protein and total cholesterol contents in the plasma of Taihang chickens(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,feeding diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg of anthocyanins could significantly increase the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),catalase(CAT)activities and immunoglobulin A(IgA)content in the plasma of Taihang chickens(P<0.05).5)Compared with the control group,feeding diets supplemented with 50 to 150 mg/kg anthocyanins could significantly decrease

关 键 词：花青素 太行鸡 生产性能 蛋品质 抗氧化能力 免疫功能 肠道组织形态 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]