北京鸭饲料原料的氨基酸标准回肠消化率可加性研究  

Additivity of Amino Acid Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Feed Ingredients of Beijing Ducks

作　　者：袁丹 申仲健 张浩然 包涵 唐静[1] 黄苇[1] 侯水生[1] 谢明[1] YUAN Dan;SHEN Zhongjian;ZHANG Haoran;BAO Han;TANG Jing;HUANG Wei;HOU Shuisheng;XIE Ming(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室,北京100193 [2]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1820-1833,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：十四五国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300404);十四五国家水禽产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-42);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFXZ0009)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究21和42日龄北京鸭对玉米、小麦、高粱、花生粕的氨基酸标准回肠消化率(SID)和表观回肠消化率(AID),并验证以上饲料原料构成的混合饲粮中氨基酸SID的可加性。试验采用采用双因子完全随机设计,包含2个日龄处理(21和42日龄)和6个饲粮处理(无氮饲粮、玉米饲粮、小麦饲粮、高粱饲粮、花生粕饲粮和混合饲粮)。选取体重相近的1日龄北京鸭288只,随机分为6个组,每组8个重复,每个重复6只鸭。各组分别于17~20日龄和38~41日龄饲喂试验饲粮各4 d。分别在21、42日龄采集回肠食糜,测定食糜和饲粮中氨基酸和二氧化钛(TiO 2)含量,并计算氨基酸SID、AID和内源性氨基酸损失(EAAL)。结果表明:1)与21日龄相比,42日龄的北京鸭半胱氨酸和脯氨酸的内源损失量显著增加(P<0.05),而蛋氨酸和精氨酸的内源损失量显著减少(P<0.05),总氨基酸的内源损失量无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)除苯丙氨酸外,21日龄北京鸭的不同饲粮氨基酸SID均显著低于42日龄(P<0.05)。高粱饲粮的氨基酸SID高于其他饲粮。3)在混合饲粮中,21日龄北京鸭的16种氨基酸和总氨基酸SID的测定值与预测值无显著差异(P>0.05),16种氨基酸和总氨基酸AID的测定值显著高于预测值(P<0.05)。在混合饲粮中,42日龄北京鸭半胱氨酸SID的测定值显著低于预测值(P<0.05),其余氨基酸和总氨基酸SID的测定值与预测值无显著差异(P>0.05);半胱氨酸、谷氨酸、异亮氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸、异亮氨酸AID测定值与预测值无显著差异(P>0.05),其余氨基酸和总氨基酸AID的测定值显著高于预测值(P<0.05)。综上所述,42日龄北京鸭的氨基酸SID高于21日龄,且21和42日龄北京鸭对玉米、小麦、高粱、花生粕构成的混合饲粮的氨基酸SID均表现出良好的可加性。This study aimed to investigate the standardized ileal digestibility(SID)and apparent ileal digestibility(AID)of amino acids in corn,wheat,sorghum and peanut meal in Beijing ducks at 21 and 42 days of age,and to verify the additivity of amino acid SID in diets composed of these feed ingredients.A double factor completely randomized design was adopted,included tow day of age treatments(21 and 42 days of age)and 6 diet treatments(nitrogen free diet,corn diet,wheat diet,sorghum diet,peanut meal diet and mixed diet).A total of 288 one-day-old Beijing ducks with similar body weight were randomly assigned to 6 groups with 8 replicates per group and 6 ducks per replicate.Ducks in each group were fed the experimental diets during 17 to 20 days of age and 38 to 41 days of age for 4 days,respectively.The ileal digesta at 21 and 42 days of age was collected to determine the amino acid and(TiO 2)contents in digesta and diets,and calculated the amino acid SID,AID and endogenous amino acid losses(EAAL).The results showed as follows:1)compared with 21 days of age,the endogenous loss amounts of cysteine and proline of Beijing ducks at 42 days of age were significantly increased(P<0.05),the endogenous loss amounts of methionine and arginine were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the total amino acid endogenous loss amount was no significant difference(P>0.05).2)Except for phenylalanine,the amino acid SID of different diets of Beijing ducks at 42 days of age were significantly lower than those at 42 days of age(P<0.05).The amino acid SID of sorghum diet was higher than that of other diets.3)In the mixed diet,the measured values of SID of 16 amino acids and total amino acids of Beijing ducks at 21 days of age had no significant difference with the predicted values(P>0.05),while the measured values of AID of 16 amino acids and total amino acids were significantly higher than those of the predicted values(P<0.05).In the mixed diet,the measured value of SID of cysteine of Beijing ducks at 42 days of age was significantly lower than

关 键 词：北京鸭 标准回肠消化率 表观回肠消化率 可加性 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]