混合菌种固态发酵玉米黄粉对海兰褐雏鸡生长发育、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of solid-state fermentation of corn gluten meal by mixed strains on growth and development,immune function,and intestinal flora of Hyline brown chicks

作　　者：黄诏新 李啟宁 钟悦 张帅 郑鑫[1] HUANG Zhaoxin;LI Qining;ZHONG Yue;ZHANG Shuai;ZHENG Xin

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第3期45-50,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(项目编号:2021YFD2101003-2)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究发酵玉米黄粉对雏鸡生长发育、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响。选取360只海兰褐蛋雏鸡随机分为6组,每组6个重复、每个重复10只鸡,分别为对照组(CON组)、环磷酰胺注射组(CY组)、玉米黄粉组(CGM组)、发酵玉米黄粉组(FCGM组),玉米黄粉+环磷酰胺组(CGM+CY组)、发酵玉米黄粉+环磷酰胺组(FCGM+CY组)。CY组持续2 w腹腔注射32 mg/(kg·只)环磷酰胺,其他组每天分别用玉米黄粉或发酵玉米黄粉代替10%基础饲粮。试验期21 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,发酵玉米黄粉组增加了雏鸡的平均日增重、平均日采食量、胫骨长和肝脏重(P<0.05),增加了胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊重量(P<0.05);提高了脾脏和法氏囊中多聚免疫球蛋白受体(PIGR)的表达水平(P<0.05),降低了肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6(TRAF6)和TRAF相互作用的叉头相关蛋白(TIFA)的表达水平(P<0.05);增加了乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、粪球菌属(Coprococcus)、魏斯氏菌(Weissella)和Dorea菌的相对丰度,降低了肠球菌属(Enterococcus)和棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)的相对丰度。研究表明,发酵玉米黄粉替代10%基础饲粮可以提高雏鸡的生长性能和免疫功能,改善肠道菌群结构。The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of fermented corn gluten meal on growth and development,immune function,and intestinal flora of chicks.A total of 360 Hyline brown chicks were randomly divided into six groups with six replicates with 10 chicks per replicate:Control group(CON group),cyclophosphamide injection group(CY group),corn gluten meal group(CGM group),fermented corn gluten meal group(FCGM group),corn gluten meal+cyclophosphamide group(CGM+CY group),and fermented corn gluten meal+cyclophosphamide group(FCGM+CY group).The CY group received intraperitoneal injections of cyclophosphamide at 32 mg/(kg·bird)for two weeks,while the other groups were fed diets with with corn gluten meal or fermented corn gluten meal to replace 10%basic diet.The test period was 21 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,fermented corn gluten meal group increased the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,tibia length,and liver weight of chicks(P<0.05),increased the weights of the thymus,spleen,and bursa of Fabricius(P<0.05).The expression levels of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor(PIGR)in the spleen and bursa of Fabricius were elevated(P<0.05),while the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6)and TRAF-interacting forkhead-associated protein(TIFA)were reduced(P<0.05).The abundance of Lactobacillus,Coprococcus,Weissella,and Dorea increased,whereas the abundance of Enterococcus and Corynebacteriumdecreased.The study indicates that replacing 10%of the basic diet with fermented corn gluten meal can enhance growth performance,improve immune function,and positively modulate the intestinal flora of chicks.

关 键 词：玉米黄粉 海兰褐雏鸡 固态发酵 免疫功能 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]