膨化预处理及不同菌剂接种对玉米秸秆生物饲料品质的影响  

Effect of puffing pretreatment and inoculation with different microbial agents on quality of corn stalk biological feed

作　　者：周宇婷 艾比布拉·伊马木 于琴 张建新 ZHOU Yuting;AIBIBULA Yimamu;YU Qin;ZHANG Jianxin

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆新禾牧业有限公司,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第3期132-138,共7页Feed Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2022B02042-2)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究膨化预处理及不同菌剂接种对玉米秸秆生物饲料品质的影响。试验共设置5个膨化玉米秸秆微生物发酵处理组:即植物乳杆菌为A1组、植物乳杆菌+枯草芽孢杆菌为A2组、植物乳杆菌+酿酒酵母为A3组、植物乳杆菌+枯草芽孢杆菌+酿酒酵母为A4组、植物乳杆菌+干酪乳杆菌+枯草芽孢杆菌+酿酒酵母+纤维素酶+蛋白酶为B1组,揉碎未膨化玉米秸秆+植物乳杆菌为对照组(CK组)。密封发酵21 d,开袋检测发酵品质、营养成分、瘤胃发酵参数及体外产气参数。结果显示,各组玉米秸秆生物饲料的pH值均低于4.2以下,B1组的乳酸(LA)含量最高,且B1组NH3-N/TN显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。A3组和B1组的粗蛋白(CP)含量显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。B1组的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05),并且其NDF、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)降解率均为最高;B1组的48 h理论最大产气量、产气速率均显著高于其他组(P<0.05),同时其乙酸(AA)/丙酸(PA)值最低。研究表明,玉米秸秆膨化后添加菌酶复合制剂最有利于促进纤维降解,提高饲料的营养品质。The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of squeezing and puffing pre-treatment and inoculation with different microbial agents on the quality of corn stalk biological feed.A total of five microbial fermentation treatment groups for corn stalk were established:Lactobacillus plantarum(A1 group),Lactobacillus plantarum+Bacillus subtilis(A2 group),Lactobacillus plantarum+Saccharomyces cerevisiae(A3 group),Lactobacillus plantarum+Bacillus subtilis+Saccharomyces cerevisiae(A4 group),and Lactobacillus plantarum+Lactobacillus casei+Bacillus subtilis+Saccharomyces cerevisiae+cellulase+protease(B1 group).The control group(CK group)consisted of chopped corn stalk without squeezing and puffing,inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum.The samples were sealed and fermented for 21 days,after which the fermentation quality,nutritional components,rumen fermentation parameters,and in vitro gas production parameters were evaluated.The results showed that the pH values of the biological feed from all groups was below 4.2.The highest lactic acid(LA)content was observed in the B1 group,and the ratio of NH3-N to total nitrogen(TN)in the B1 group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05).The crude protein(CP)content of the A3and B1 groups was significantly higher than that of the CK group(P<0.05).Additionally,the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)content in the B1 group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05),and the degradation rates of NDF,acid detergent fiber(ADF),and acid detergent lignin(ADL)were the highest in the B1 group.The theoretical maximum gas production volume and gas production rate at 48 hours were also significantly higher in the B1 group than in other groups(P<0.05),while the acetate(AA)to propionate(PA)ratio was the lowest in the B1 group.The results show that adding bacterial enzyme compound preparation after corn stalk squeezing and puffing was the most beneficial to promote fiber degradation and improve the nutritional quality of feed.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 挤压膨化 生物发酵 饲料品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]