攀西会理黑松露营养、安全及风味成分分析  

Analysis of Nutrition,Safety and Flavor Components of Tuber Melanosporum in Panxi Huili

作　　者：戴雅 谭兴怡 李翔[1] 宋明劲 李雪[1] 蒋方国 徐斌 DAI Ya;TAN Xingyi;LI Xiang;SONG Mingjing;LI Xue;JIANG Fangguo;XU Bin(College of Food and Biological Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;Sichuan Quality Agro Products Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610203,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学食品与生物工程学院,四川成都610106 [2]四川品高农产有限公司,四川成都610203

出　　处：《成都大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期30-37,共8页Journal of Chengdu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：四川省科技厅国际合作项目(24GJHZ0041);四川省科技厅海聚计划项目(2025HJRC0041)。

摘　　要：为了解会理黑松露的营养、安全性及挥发性风味成分,测定蛋白质、氨基酸与总糖等营养成分,以及农药残留含量,采用高效液相色谱法同时测定肌苷酸和维生素B1含量,通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定矿物质元素与重金属元素含量,采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱—质谱联用法对其挥发性风味成分进行鉴定,并进行相对气味活度值分析.结果显示,总糖、蛋白质、灰分、多糖和脂质含量分别为30.3%、29.51%、11.08%、1.14%和3.28%;肌苷酸和维生素B1含量分别为0.475和0.468 mg/g;含有17种游离氨基酸,其中6种为人体必需氨基酸占24.56%,氨基酸评分超过100%的有苏氨酸和赖氨酸,呈味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的65.01%;农药残留量未检出;矿物元素Mg(1 026.71 mg/kg)含量最高,Fe(710.23 mg/kg)次之,重金属元素均未超标;挥发性风味成分分析共检出36种物质,根据相对气味活度值分析得知,其独特的香气由1-辛烯-3-醇(12.031%)、1-辛烯-3-酮(3.947%)、2,4-癸二烯醛(2.659%)和反式2,4-壬二烯醛(0.916%)4种关键挥发性成分构成,具有典型的蘑菇香、壤香、油脂味及水果香气.会理黑松露营养成分丰富,安全性较高,挥发性风味成分独特,可加工为高级调味品、松露礼盒与冻干松露片等产品.In order to analyze the nutrition,safety and volatile flavor components of Huili tuber melanosporum,the contents of protein,amino acid,total sugar and pesticide residues were determined.The content of inosine monophosphate(IMP) and vitamin B1(VB1) were determined by HPLC.The mineral elements and heavy metal elements in the samples were determined by ICP-MS.The volatile flavor components were identified by HS-SPME-GC-MS and analyzed by relative odor activity value(ROAV).The results showed that the total sugars,protein,ash,polysaccharides and lipids were 30.3%,29.51%,11.08%,1.14% and 3.28%,respectively.The contents of IMP and VB1 were 0.475 and 0.468 mg/g,respectively.Huili tuber melanosporum contained 17 kinds of free amino acids,and 6 kinds of them that are essential for human body accounted for 24.56%.The amino acid scores(AAS) over 100% were threonine and lysine,and the flavorful amino acids accounted for 65.01% of the total amino acids.Pesticide residues were not detected.The content of Mg(1 026.71 mg/kg) was the highest,followed by Fe(710.23 mg/kg),and the content of heavy metal elements did not exceed the standard.The results of volatile flavor components analysis showed that 36 compounds were detected in Huili tuber melanosporum.According to ROAV analysis,the unique aroma of Huili tuber melanosporum was composed of 4 key volatile components:1-octen-3-ol(12.031%),1-octen-3-one(3.947%),2,4-decadienal(2.659%),trans-2,4-nonadienal(0.916%),with typical mushroom aroma,soil aroma,oil flavor and fruit aroma.Therefore,the tuber melanosporum in Huili is rich in nutrients,high in safety,and unique in volatile flavor.It can be processed into high-grade condiments,truffle gift boxes,freeze-dried truffle tablets and other products.

关 键 词：黑松露 营养 安全性 挥发性风味成分 相对气味活度值 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]