基于「タラ」「バ」日汉对译语料的多变量分析的考察——兼谈其结果在日语教学上的应用  

A study on multivariate analysis of translated corpus based on tara and ba Japanese Chinese translation:Also on the application of its results in Japanese teaching

作　　者：李光赫[1] 刘志颖 Li Guanghe;Liu Zhiying

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学,辽宁省大连市116086 [2]早稻田大学,东京162-8644

出　　处：《高等日语教育》2024年第2期59-72,178,共15页Advanced Japanese Language Education

基　　金：辽宁省社科规划基金“基于媒体舆论语料库的汉语复句日译体系构建与应用(L22AYY005)”;中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金“多语种‘四书五经’与翻译体系的构建(DUT23RW20)”的阶段性研究

摘　　要：本文针对实际教学中的常见问题,利用自制语料库,通过多变量分析,研究「タラ」与「バ」的语义使用倾向,并分析其与汉语的对应关系。结果发现,这两个在日语语法中被认为相似的句型实际上存在明显区别。「タラ」条件句更适合发现、契机与当为表现,通常翻译为“然(后)”“时(候)”及知觉动词;「バ」条件句更适合表示一般与习惯,汉译往往用“只要(就)”“每(当)”“(一)就”表示;虽然两者都可以表示假定,但「バ」条件句的反事实性更强,常用“如果(就)”“一旦(就)”翻译。本研究方法同样适用于其他相似性较强语法之间的区别研究,在相似语法形式的教与学方面具备实际应用价值。This study addresses prevalent challenges in practical teaching by utilizing a self-constructed corpus and conducting multivariate analysis to examine the semantic usage tendencies of“Tara”and“Ba”structures in Japanese,and their corresponding relationships with Chinese.The results reveal that these two sentence structures,despite being perceived as similar in Japanese grammar,exhibit significant differences.“Tara”conditional sentences are more suitable for expressing discovery,opportunity,and obligation,and are usually translated as“then,”“when,”and perceptual verbs in Chinese.“Ba”conditional sentences are more suitable for expressing general and habitual actions,often translated as“as long as,”“whenever,”and“once”in Chinese.Although both can convey assumptions,“Ba”conditional sentences have a stronger counterfactual dimension and are often translated as“if”and“once”in Chinese.This study holds practical significance for teaching and learning similar grammatical forms.Furthermore,the research methodology employed is also applicable to studying differences in other highly similar grammatical structures.

关 键 词：「タラ」条件句 「バ」条件句 多变量分析法 翻译倾向 教学应用 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]