机器人自主手术研究现状及展望  

Autonomous robotic surgery:research status and future prospect

作　　者：张旭 马鑫 贾通宇 钟仿洵 ZHANG Xu;MA Xin;JIA Tongyu;ZHONG Fangxun(Department of Urology,Third Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing,100039,China;Shenzhen Research Institute,The Chinese University of Hong Kong;School of Science and Engineering,The Chinese University of Hong Kong)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院第三医学中心泌尿外科医学部,北京100039 [2]香港中文大学深圳研究院 [3]香港中文大学(深圳)理工学院

出　　处：《临床泌尿外科杂志》2025年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Clinical Urology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划2023年“智能机器人”专项重点项目(No:2023YFB4706000)。

摘　　要：机器人自主手术是未来外科学发展的重要方向,指机器人能够在不依赖外科医生的情况下自主完成手术操作。然而,当前机器人手术仍然依赖主从式遥操作,自主手术能力尚未实现。机器人自主手术有望缓解全球医疗资源紧张和不均衡的问题,实现优质医疗资源的“一对多”和广覆盖,并对大众健康产生深远影响。本文旨在讨论手术机器人的自主性分级,概述当前技术研究现状以及在伦理、法律和社会学层面的挑战,并对其未来的发展方向进行展望。Autonomous robotic surgery represents a significant direction in the future of surgical development,where robots are capable of independently performing surgical procedures without the involvement of surgeons.Currently,robotic surgery still relies on a master-slave system controlled by surgeons,and true autonomous functionality has yet to be realized.Autonomous robotic surgery has the potential for addressing global disparities in healthcare by providing scalable and widely accessible high-quality medical services,with profound impacts on public health and quality of life.This paper aims to discuss the level of autonomy in surgical robots,provide an overview of the current state of research in this field,and summarize the ethical,legal,and sociological challenges involved.Furthermore,it explores the future prospect of the development of autonomous robotic surgery.

关 键 词：机器人手术 自主手术 人工智能 微创外科 

分 类 号：R699.1[医药卫生—泌尿科学]