中国古代版画年画之美:性质、定位与类型演进  

The Beauty of Woodcut and New Year Pictures in Ancient China:Their Quality,Position,Types and Evolution

作　　者：张法 Zhang Fa

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《学术研究》2025年第3期151-161,178,共12页Academic Research

摘　　要：版画出现于隋唐,大兴于晚明,成为伴随经济升级和文化转型而来的印刷时代中的新的审美类型。从普泛性的书籍插图,扩展、提升、集中到小说戏曲插图中的版画艺术,版画在人物画的创新和画面构图的多样性上独具风采,并通过画谱谱系与中国整体绘画体系建立联系。然而,自明清转型之后,版画尚有三个方面的趋向未曾充分展开:一是彩色套印,二是奇幻创图,三是中西互动。版画主要是书籍插图,凸显的是中国绘画的艺术创新,艺术的丰富性也由此展开;年画则服务于节庆装饰,体现的是中国传统文化的深层心理。年画种类繁多,从赐福避邪的门神到表达对美好生活向往的各种风格的年画类型,如各类神话神祇、喜娃美妇、吉祥富贵、戏曲游玩等,其主题范围、形象特点和美学建构有一个体系性的展开。其中的深层意义为何,值得深入思考。Chinese woodcut began in Sui and Tang dynasties,thriving in last Ming dynasty,is a new aesthetic pattern with together printing era of economic upgrading and cultural transform.The woodcut wrer from general book illustrations to art of woodcut over the books of fiction and traditonal opera,and got unique characteristics in figure painting and composition of picture,and entered the whole structure of Chinese painting through picture copybook.However because of the change of Qing dynasty three darictions of woodcut had not development,firstly process printing,secondly fantasy creation,and thirly the artical elements of western painting.The woodcut as book illustrations expresses mainly art creation in Chinese painting and got its artical richness.New year pictures serves for festival ornament gaved expression to deep psychology of Chinese tradition.New year picture has many types from door-gods which gave blessing and to avoid evil to many other kinds such as happy boby and beautiful women,symbol image for wealth and rank,traditional-opera-painting and so on,yearn for beautiful life.In the word new year picture had a systematic develop and need our thought what is its deep maining.

关 键 词：古代版画年画 新型艺术 艺术转型 美好生活向往 

分 类 号：B83-02[哲学宗教—美学] J120.9[艺术—艺术理论]