高校实验室化学品安全管理体系优化机制建设  

Construction of Optimization Mechanism of Chemical Safety Management System in University Laboratories

作　　者：黄欢 邢少璟[2] Huang Huan;Xing Shaojing(Office of the Safety Production Management Committee/Security Department,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学安全生产管理委员会办公室/保卫处,广东广州510632 [2]暨南大学生命科学技术学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2025年第3期101-110,共10页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目“暨南大学科技安全影响因素研究”(21622801)。

摘　　要：随着化学品种类和使用量的持续增加,高校实验室的化学品安全管理面临日益严峻挑战。近年来,多起实验室安全事故的发生暴露出现管理体系的诸多不足,如管理制度不完善、人员安全意识薄弱、设备设施老化及应急预案缺失等问题。为系统分析当前高校实验室化学品安全管理中存在的关键问题,并探讨优化机制以提升安全管理水平,通过系统梳理国内外高校在化学品安全管理方面的先进经验与实践,基于系统工程学理论构建涵盖法律法规、人员培训、设施设备和信息化建设的创新优化机制体系。通过“人防+技防+物防”三位一体的安全防控机制,结合全过程全链条的风险管控措施,运用信息化和智能化管理手段,实现化学品管理的科学化与系统化。研究结果表明:优化后的管理机制可显著提升高校实验室化学品安全管理的整体水平;法律法规的完善可确保管理工作的有法可依,系统化的人员培训增强实验人员的安全意识和操作技能,先进的设施设备提高安全防护能力,信息化建设则实现了化学品管理的高效监控与数据驱动决策。此外,三位一体防控体系和全流程风险管控措施能够有效预防和应对潜在安全事故,保障师生生命安全和实验室正常运作。With the continuous increase in the types and usage of chemicals in university laboratories,chemical safety management faces increasingly severe challenges.In recent years,the occurrence of many laboratory safety accidents has exposed numerous deficiencies in the existing management system,such as incomplete laws and regulations,weak safety awareness among personnel,aging equipment and facilities,and insufficient emergency response plans.This paper systematically analyzes the key issues in the chemical safety management of university laboratories and explores innovative optimization mechanisms to improve their safety management.Drawing on advanced practices from domestic and international universities,this study employs systems engineering theory to construct a comprehensive optimization system that integrates laws and regulations,personnel training,facilities and equipment management,and informationization.The proposed framework is centered on a"human defense+technical defense+physical defense"three-in-one prevention and control mechanism,supported by full-process and full-chain risk control measures.By leveraging information-based and intelligent management tools,this system enables scientific and systematic chemical safety management.The research results demonstrate that the optimized management mechanism significantly enhances the overall chemical safety management level in university laboratories.Strengthened laws and regulations provide a robust legal foundation for management practices,while systematic personnel training improves safety awareness and operational proficiency among laboratory staff.Upgraded facilities and equipment offer advanced safety protection capabilities,and informationization facilitates efficient monitoring,real-time data management,and data-driven decision-making.Furthermore,the three-in-one prevention and control system,combined with full-process risk control measures,effectively mitigates potential safety hazards and ensures rapid response to emergencies.These measures not only sa

关 键 词：高校实验室 实验室安全 化学品管理 安全管理 风险管控 设备管理 

分 类 号：X923[环境科学与工程—安全科学] G482[文化科学—教育学] G301[文化科学—教育技术学]