大气中氨基酸的研究进展与展望  

Research progress and prospects of amino acids in the atmosphere

作　　者：吴礼彬 白景淇 赵青茈 傅平青 WU Libin;BAI Jingqi;ZHAO Qingzi;FU Pingqing(Center for Land/Ocean-Atmosphere Interface Science,School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学地球系统科学学院地-气界面科学研究中心,天津300072

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第3期196-206,共11页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42375097,41905110)。

摘　　要：氮循环是全球生物地球化学循环的重要组成部分,人类活动强度升高导致全球活性氮的排放增多,使得氮循环过程失衡,带来一系列生态环境问题。氮是大气气溶胶的重要组分,包括氨基酸在内的大气有机氮对氮循环和环境变化有重要影响。本文对大气中氨基酸的检测方法、成分组成、时空分布、来源和转化规律,以及环境效应等进行了综述。使用液相色谱-质谱、气相色谱-质谱和气相色谱-稳定同位素质谱等仪器可以检测氨基酸的含量、L型和D型氨基酸的含量,以及甘氨酸等单体氨基酸的同位素组成。大气中氨基酸的成分组成、粒径分布和分布规律受采样时间、地理位置和传输过程的影响。甘氨酸通常是大气气溶胶中丰度最高的游离态和结合态氨基酸。氨基酸的来源多样,包括生物和土壤释放、海洋泡沫破裂、生物质燃烧、人为排放,以及二次生成过程等。氨基酸可以影响大气化学过程、参与成云降雨影响气候、作为生物可利用的氮源,以及对人体健康构成威胁。尽管关于大气氨基酸已经开展了很多研究,但依然存在不足,例如,需要标准统一的氨基酸检测方法进行时空对比,结合多种方法进行源解析以提高其结果的准确性,对氨基酸的环境、气候和健康效应缺乏定量评估。同时,从地-气界面科学,乃至地球系统科学的视角分析和解决相关问题,进行全方位、多圈层、跨学科的创新性交叉研究,可以全面理解大气中氨基酸的循环过程和环境影响。The nitrogen cycle is an essential component of the global biogeochemical cycles.The intensification of human activities has led to an increase in the emission of reactive nitrogen,causing an imbalance in the nitrogen cycle and a series of ecological and environmental issues.Nitrogen is an important component of atmospheric aerosols.Atmospheric organic nitrogen,including amino acids(AAs),has a significant impact on the nitrogen cycle and environmental changes.This article reviews the detection methods,molecular composition,spatiotemporal distribution,sources and transformation processes of atmospheric free(FAAs)and combined AAs(CAAs),as well as their environmental effects.Instruments such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry(GC-IRMS)can be used to detect the concentrations of AAs,or even chiral L-AAs and D-AAs,and compound-specific stable isotopic composition of AAs such as glycine(Gly).The composition,size distribution and spatiotemporal variation of AAs in atmospheric aerosols are influenced by sampling time,geographical location,and atmospheric transport processes.Gly is usually the most abundant FAA/CAA in atmospheric aerosols.The sources of AAs are diverse,including biological and soil emissions,bubbles bursting in seawater,biomass burning,anthropogenic emissions,and secondary formation.AAs can affect atmospheric chemical processes,act as cloud condensation nuclei to influence the climate,serve as a bioavailable nitrogen source,and threaten human health.Although many studies have been conducted on atmospheric AAs,there are still deficiencies,such as the need for standardized detection methods for spatiotemporal comparison,the combination of multiple methods for source apportionment to improve the accuracy,and a lack of quantitative assessment of the environmental,climatic and health effects of AAs.Besides,analyzing and solving related issues from the perspective of land/ocean-atmosphere interface s

关 键 词：氨基酸 大气气溶胶 时空分布 来源 环境效应 氮循环 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]