欧洲国家非正规与非正式学习成果认证的发展现状与趋势  

The Current Status and Trends in the Validation of Non-Formal and Informal Learning Outcomes in European Countries

作　　者：李潇 丁文秘 董丽丽 LI Xiao;DING Wenmi;DONG Lili(School of Education,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 201620,China;Center for Comparative Study of Global Education,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际教育学院,上海201620 [2]上海外国语大学全球教育研究中心,上海201620

出　　处：《世界教育信息》2025年第3期67-80,共14页Journal of World Education

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划教育学青年项目“国际比较视野下的慕课学习成果认证的机制与政策研究”(编号:B2021002)。

摘　　要：推进非正规与非正式学习成果认证对于构建终身学习体系至关重要。20余年来,欧洲国家通过积极实践取得重要进展,其经验做法为世界各国推进学习成果认证提供了参考。文章系统梳理2016—2023年32个欧洲国家在非正规与非正式学习成果认证方面的进展,发现欧洲国家认证安排在各领域均普遍发展,认证程序日益规范,对个体的认证支持也逐步增强。此外,欧洲国家的认证体系呈现出明显的系统化发展趋势,主要体现在:将认证纳入终身学习、国家技能战略等重点战略体系,颁布政策法规完善认证机制,以国家资格框架为支撑积极推动数字技术的使用。然而,欧洲国家在推进非正规与非正式学习成果认证中也面临现实挑战:碎片化的服务信息导致公众对认证的认识不足;认证机构各自为政,未建立起全面协调机制;质量监管有待加强,对认证的持续监测缺乏等。Advancing the validation of non-formal and informal learning outcomes is crucial for constructing a lifelong learning system.Over the past two decades,European countries have actively engaged in practices and made significant progress,providing valuable references for countries around the world to promote the validation of learning outcomes.This article systematically reviews the progress made between 2016 and 2023 in 32 European countries regarding the validation of non-formal and informal learning outcomes.It finds that the validation arrangements in European countries have become widely established across various fields,the validation procedures are increasingly standardized,and support for individuals undergoing validation has progressively strengthened.In addition,the validation systems in European countries show a clear trend toward systematization,mainly manifested in:integrating validation into key strategic systems such as lifelong learning and national skills strategies,introducing policies and regulations to improve the validation mechanism,leveraging national qualification frameworks,and actively promoting the adoption of digital technologies.However,European countries continue to face many practical challenges in promoting the validation of non-formal and informal learning outcomes:firstly,fragmented service information limits public awareness and understanding of validation;secondly,disjointed validation bodies operate independently,lacking a comprehensive coordination mechanism;and thirdly,weak quality assurance remains an issue,with insufficient continuous monitoring of the validation process.

关 键 词：欧洲 非正规与非正式学习 学习成果认证 国家技能战略 

分 类 号：G53[文化科学—教育学]