重建巴别塔之理想与现实——基于ChatGPT的译例探赜  

The Promise of Rebuilding the Babel Tower:A Case Study Based on ChatGPT Translation

作　　者：李宜芸 牛云平 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学外国语学院,北京100872

出　　处：《翻译研究与教学》2024年第1期25-31,共7页Translation Research and Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“与西方翻译学理异趣的魏晋南北朝中国译释学实践研究”(项目编号:17BYY008)的资助

摘　　要：ChatGPT是当代人工智能技术应用和发展的标志性成果,呈现出巨大的应用价值和发展潜力,在翻译领域引发了新的范式革命,但由于自然语言多样性与机器翻译机械性之间的本质性扞格,人类利用人工智能翻译技术重建巴别塔依旧任重道远。本文从历时视角铺陈ChatGPT翻译在交互性、精准性、辅助性方面的优势,并基于《纽约时报》一篇专栏文章的翻译实例,分析ChatGPT在英汉翻译时的语义理解、语言表达、语境贴合、语体风格方面的局限性,揭示其局限性与涌现能力矛盾以及幻觉存在偏差两种因素密切相关,以期为人工智能翻译的应用和发展提供理性反思。ChatGPT is a landmark achievement in the iterative evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)technology and has demonstrated an immense application and potential in the field of translation.Due to the inherent differences between the diversity of natural language and the mechanistic nature of machine translation,the rebuilding of the Babel Tower by humans using AI translation technology still has a long way to go.This article presents the advantages of ChatGPT translation in terms of interactivity,accuracy,and complementarity from a diachronic perspective.And based on a translation example from a column article in The New York Times,it analyzes the limitations of ChatGPT in terms of semantic understanding,idiomatic expressions,specific contexts,and translation styles in English to Chinese translation.Furthermore,it reveals that the reasons for these limitations are closely related to the contradiction between its emergence ability and the deviation of hallucinations,so as to provide rational reflection on the application and development of AI translation.

关 键 词：ChatGPT 机器翻译 优势 局限 英汉翻译 

分 类 号：H085[语言文字—语言学] H315.9[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]