中医术语隐喻化英译——以脏腑相关术语为例  

Metaphorical Translation of TCMTerms:A Case Study of Terms Related to Zang-Fu Organs

作　　者：赵彦春[1] 邝旖雯 

机构地区：[1]上海大学外国语学院,上海200444

出　　处：《翻译研究与教学》2024年第2期129-136,共8页Translation Research and Teaching

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“诸子典籍英译传播文献整理与研究”(项目编号:22&ZD292)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：中医是根植于中国本土文化的医学体系,在语言、文化、医理方面与现代西医有系统性的差别,因此在西方语境中大多缺乏可以对应的词汇表达,这给中医翻译造成了障碍。取象比类思维在中医术语命名中发挥着重要作用,中医术语呈现出隐喻化的特点,而对术语隐喻化现象的忽视造成了中医术语翻译的“名”与“实”脱轨,表现为一词多译、有名无实、有形无意等情况。为使中医术语翻译名实对应,需要译者关注中医术语的隐喻特征。因此,本文以脏腑相关术语为例,在充分理解其深刻内涵的基础上,主张对中医术语采用隐喻化翻译,提出与之相应的逼近原则和代理原则,并据此对术语中的隐喻能喻进行保留或替换,使译名更符合中医对人体、医理的认知与阐释。Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a medical system rooted in indigenous Chinese culture,which is systematically different from modern Western medicine in terms of language,culture and medical science.The lack of corresponding terms in the Western context has caused a barrier to the international communication of TCM.Image-analogical thinking plays an important role in nomenclature of traditional Chinese medicine,which creates terms with metaphoricity.However,the neglect of the metaphoricity causes the mismatch of“concept”and“entity”in TCMtranslation.In order to translate TCM terms properly,translators need to focus on the metaphoricity of Chinese medicine.In view of the present problems of the translation of TCM terms,namely,inconsistency,empty naming and poor analogy,this paper advocates a metaphorical translation approach to TCM terminology on the basis of fully understanding its profound connotation,puts forward translation principles of proximity and proxy,and illustrates specific methods of retaining or substitution vehicles through the examples of zang-fu concept and related metaphorical terms,so as to accord with the cognitive pattern of TCM.

关 键 词：中医术语 隐喻化翻译 名实 脏腑 英译 

分 类 号：R2-03[医药卫生—中医学] H315.9[语言文字—英语]