古红橘皮精油挥发性成分分析及清除自由基活性成分筛选  

Analysis of volatile components and screening of free radical-scavenging active components in fresh Guhong tangerine peel essential oil

作　　者：冉春霞[1,2] 胡江 邓惠玲 RAN Chunxia;HU Jiang;DENG Huiling(Department of Public Health and Management,Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College,Chongqing 404120,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing 404120,China;Chongqing Academy of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401121,China;Experimental Medical Center,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College,Chongqing 400042,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡医药高等专科学校公共卫生与管理学院,重庆404120 [2]三峡库区道地药材开发利用重庆市重点实验室,重庆404120 [3]重庆市科学技术研究院,重庆401121 [4]重庆医药高等专科学校附属第一医院实验医学中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《食品与机械》2025年第2期136-144,共9页Food and Machinery

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(编号:KJQN202202710)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析古红橘新鲜橘皮精油的挥发性成分,评价其总体自由基清除活性,在不分离单体的情况下快速筛选其中自由基清除活性较强的成分。[方法]以古红橘新鲜橘皮为原料,分别采用共水蒸馏法和水蒸气蒸馏提取橘皮精油,分析不同方法提取精油的挥发性成分,筛选特征挥发性差异成分,并采用GC-MS和化学方法筛选自由基清除活性成分。[结果]2种提取方法所得精油的挥发性成分的种类、相对含量、特征挥发性成分及总体自由基清除活性差异极显著(P<0.001),共水蒸馏为最优的古红橘皮精油提取方法;各挥发性成分的自由基清除活性存在较大差异,柠檬醛(86.54%)、甜橙醛(81.20%)、α-法尼烯(70.29%)等表现出很强的DPPH自由基清除活性,而橙花醇(95.02%)、甜橙醛(83.09%)表现出极强的ABTS^(+)自由基清除活性。[结论]古红橘新鲜橘皮提取的精油的挥发性成分和自由基清除活性受到提取方法的影响,各挥发性成分的相对含量与其自由基清除活性之间没有直接的相关性。[Objective]To analyze the volatile components of fresh Guhong tangerine peel essential oil,evaluate its overall free radical scavenging activity,quickly screen the components with strong free radical scavenging activity without separating individual compounds.[Methods]Using fresh Guhong tangerine peel as raw material,this study extracts tangerine peel essential oil through water distillation and steam distillation.It analyzes the volatile components of the essential oil extracted by different methods,determines the characteristic volatile components,and screen free radical-scavenging active components by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)combined with a chemical method.[Results]There are highly significant differences in volatile components,their relative content,characteristic volatile components,and overall free radical scavenging activity between the two extraction methods(P<0.001).Water distillation is the best method for essential oil extraction from fresh Guhong tangerine peel.The free radical scavenging activities of various volatile components are quite different.Citral(86.54%),sinensal(81.2%),andα-farnesene(70.29%)show strong DPPH·scavenging activity,while nerol(95.02%)and sinensal(83.09%)show highly strong ABTS^(+)·scavenging activity.[Conclusion]The volatile components and free radical scavenging activity of essential oil extracted from fresh Guhong tangerine peel are influenced by extraction methods,and there is no direct correlation between the relative content of volatile components and their free radical scavenging activity.

关 键 词：古红橘 新鲜橘皮 精油 GC-MS 挥发性成分 自由基清除活性成分 筛选 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]