耐低温乳酸菌的筛选鉴定及其对燕麦青贮发酵品质的影响  

Screening and identification of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria and its effect on fermentation quality of oat silage

作　　者：刘红玉 曾泰儒 张云飞[1] 文兴金 刘海平 张磊[1] 肖启银 李小梅 闫艳红[1] LIU Hongyu;ZENG Tairu;ZHANG Yunfei;WEN Xingjin;LIU Haiping;ZHANG Lei;XIAO Qiyin;LI Xiaomei;YAN Yanhong(College of Grassland Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences,Aba 624669,Sichuan,China;Agricultural Science Research Institute of Ganzi District,Kangding 626099,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学草业科技学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川省草原科学研究院,四川阿坝624669 [3]甘孜藏族自治州农业科学研究所,四川康定626099

出　　处：《草业科学》2025年第3期669-678,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32271766)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在挖掘出低温条件下生长速率和产酸速率俱佳的乳酸菌,并将其回接至若尔盖县白河牧场的青贮燕麦(Avena sativa),研究耐低温乳酸菌对燕麦青贮饲料发酵品质的影响。通过限制性培养方法筛选耐低温菌株,并结合16S rRNA序列分析技术进行鉴定。结果表明,1)乳酸菌菌株YZ3在4℃低温条件下产酸性能最佳(pH可达到5.38),且能耐低pH(4.0)和高盐浓度(6.5%NaCl)环境;2)通过生理生化试验、菌落形态、革兰氏染色以及16S rRNA序列分析表明,乳酸菌YZ3为副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);3)低温环境下YZ3处理的燕麦青贮乳酸含量升至63.7 mg·g^(-1),显著高于无添加对照(P<0.05),青贮料pH降低至4.1,显著低于无添加对照(P<0.01)。综上所述,添加乳酸菌YZ3能够改善燕麦的青贮发酵品质,YZ3可作为川西北高寒地区的低温青贮菌株。We aimed to explore the effects of lactic acid bacteria with good growth rate and resistant to low temperature conditions on the fermentation quality of oat silage in Baihe Ranch of Ruoergai County.The low temperature-resistant strains were screened using the restrictive culture method and identified using 16S rRNA sequence analysis.The results showed that:1)Lactobacillus strain YZ3 had the best growth rate and acid production performance at the low temperature of 4℃(pH could reach 5.38),and could tolerate low pH(4.0)and high salt concentration(6.5%NaCl).2)The strain YZ3 was identified as L.paracasei by physiological and biochemical tests,colony morphology,Gram staining,and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.3)Under a low temperature environment,the lactic acid content of oat silage treated with YZ3 increased to 63.7 mg·g^(-1),which was significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05),and the pH of silage decreased to 4.1,which was significantly lower than that of the control(P<0.01).In summary,the addition of lactic acid bacteria YZ3 improved the silage fermentation quality of oats and can be used as a low-temperature silage strain in the alpine region of northwest Sichuan.

关 键 词：耐低温乳酸菌 产酸速率 燕麦 发酵品质 川西北高原 营养品质 厌氧发酵 

分 类 号：TS2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]